{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T20:54:50Z","timestamp":1776113690385,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]],"date-time":"2025-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752710400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study compares the immune responses of healthy individuals, with or without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, following vaccination with Comirnaty (Pfizer) and Vaxzevria (AstraZeneca).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 134 volunteers were analyzed: 71 recipients of Comirnaty (36 with prior infection) and 63 recipients of Vaxzevria (33 with prior infection). Immune responses were assessed after the second and third doses by measuring anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels and interferon-gamma (IFN-\u03b3) production using an IGRA assay.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Significant differences were observed in IgG and IFN-\u03b3 concentrations between the vaccine groups. Higher IgG and IFN-\u03b3 levels were noted in individuals vaccinated with Comirnaty, especially after the third dose, indicating a stronger T-cell-mediated response. Prior infection enhanced immune responses, as previously infected individuals showed elevated IgG and IFN-\u03b3 levels. Hematological analysis revealed differences in immune activation patterns between vaccines, including variations in white blood cell counts, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings highlight distinct vaccine-induced immune responses depending on vaccine type, prior infection status, and number of doses administered. They contribute to understanding the differential immune memory elicited by mRNA-based and adenoviral vector-based vaccines and emphasize the importance of booster doses in maintaining robust immunity against SARS-CoV-2.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1612288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]],"date-time":"2025-07-17T05:24:40Z","timestamp":1752729880000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 immune responses following vaccination with Comirnaty (Pfizer) and Vaxzevria (AstraZeneca) in healthy individuals with or without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Zdzis\u0142awa","family":"Kondera-Anasz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emilia 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