{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T12:54:11Z","timestamp":1793883251176,"version":"4.7.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has demonstrated potent short-term efficacy in patients with relapsed\/refractory multiple myeloma (R\/R MM); however, long-term clinical data remain limited. Here, we report extended follow-up outcomes from our single-center experience.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between August 20, 2018, and December 31, 2021, 11 patients with R\/R MM received BCMA-targeted CAR-T-cell therapy at our center. Preconditioning consisted of cyclophosphamide and fludarabine chemotherapy, followed by infusion of 1\u20135\u00d710<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup> CAR<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells\/kg. We evaluated overall response rate (ORR), long-term efficacy, safety profiles, and their correlations with clinical\/disease characteristics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ORR was 72.7% (8\/11), including 6 complete remissions (54.5%) and 2 partial\/very good partial remissions. With a median follow-up of 23 months (range: 2\u201363 months), 75% (6\/8) of the responders remained relapse-free, and 4 patients (50%) were alive at the time of data cutoff. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of responders both reached 35 months. In terms of safety, most patients experienced moderate cytokine release syndrome (CRS), with 2 cases of grade 3\u20134 CRS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>BCMA CAR-T-cell therapy exhibits favorable safety and efficacy in advanced R\/R MM. Long-term follow-up confirmed durable responses in 50% of the advanced R\/R MM patients who responded to the treatment (4\/8).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1650568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T05:36:08Z","timestamp":1757655368000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Long-term follow-up of patients with relapsed\/refractory multiple myeloma after BCMA CAR-T-cell therapy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Hao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanliang","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junwei","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhoufeng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuqing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zunmin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.0003","article-title":"Diagnosis 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