{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T11:47:42Z","timestamp":1790682462557,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-IgG) in patients with optic perineuritis (OPN) and to analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of MOG-IgG\u2013seropositive cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective review was conducted of OPN patients diagnosed at the Neuro-ophthalmology Department of the Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital between January 2020 and February 2023. Patients were classified into MOG-IgG\u2013positive and seronegative groups based on cell-based assay (CBA) results. Demographic data, clinical manifestations, and visual outcomes were compared between the two groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 33 patients (44 eyes) were included, with a mean onset age of 32.7 years (range 6\u201379) and a male-to-female ratio of 1:2. Bilateral involvement was observed in 33.3% of cases. Eye pain and optic disc swelling were present in 72.7% and 75.8% of patients, respectively. MOG-IgG was detected in 8 patients (24.2%). Compared with seronegative OPN, MOG-IgG-positive patients were significantly younger (mean age 20.8 years vs. 36.6 years, P = 0.034) and had a higher annual relapse rate (median 1.19 vs. 0.31, P = 0.008). All MOG-IgG-positive patients achieved visual acuity (VA) \u226520\/40 after the first episode (100.0% vs. 45.5% in seronegative cases, P = 0.005), with this difference persisting at final follow-up (78.6% vs. 47.4%, P = 0.044).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings highlight distinct clinical characteristics of MOG-IgG-positive OPN, including younger age, higher relapse rates, and superior visual recovery. Detection of MOG-IgG in OPN may facilitate early diagnosis, prognosis prediction, and guide individualized therapeutic strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1657600","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T05:30:14Z","timestamp":1761715814000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in optic 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