{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T02:52:13Z","timestamp":1788403933153,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare and highly aggressive form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that is associated with a poor prognosis. Traditional chemotherapy has demonstrated limited efficacy for PBL. There is currently no standard treatment for patients with refractory or relapsing PBL. While CAR-T therapy has shown promising outcomes in leukemia, lymphoma and myeloma, evidence of its application in PBL remains scarce.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We describe a 56-year-old patient diagnosed with PBL. The patient achieved short-term remission with bortezomib in combination with etoposide, dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin as first-line therapy. After disease progression, the patient received daratumumab combined with GemOx as second-line treatment but showed no response. Tumor biopsy after disease progression revealed strong positive CD22 and partial positive CD19 expression. The patient received CD19 and CD22 CAR-T therapies as the third-line treatment and achieved durable complete remission for more than one year with good tolerance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A patient with refractory PBL achieved durable complete remission after CD19 and CD22 CAR-T therapies, suggesting this treatment may be effective for patients with refractory or relapsing PBL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1697566","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T06:30:46Z","timestamp":1761719446000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Case Report: CD19 and CD22 CAR-T therapy induced durable complete remission in a patient with refractory plasmablastic lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Dan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haichen","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanran","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijie","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zengjun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-022-01620-2","article-title":"The 5th edition of the world health organization classification of hematolymphoid tumors: lymphoid neoplasms","volume":"36","author":"Alaggio","year":"2022","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1111\/ijlh.13863","article-title":"Plasmablastic lymphoma: An update","author":"Bailly","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Lab Hematol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijlh.12782","article-title":"The utility of bone marrow sampling in the diagnosis and staging of lymphoma in South Africa","volume":"40","author":"Phillips","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Lab Hematol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2020.11.025","article-title":"The emerging treatment options of plasmablastic lymphoma: analysis of 173 individual patient outcomes","volume":"21","author":"Makady","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leukemia"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.27376","article-title":"Plasmablastic lymphoma: 2024 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management","volume":"99","author":"Ramirez\u2010Gamero","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-15717-2.00006-8","article-title":"Plasmablastic lymphoma. 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