{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T17:26:30Z","timestamp":1793294790218,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":169,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Asthma, a heterogeneous chronic respiratory disorder affecting millions globally, is driven by complex interactions between genetic susceptibility, environmental triggers, and dysregulated immunity. Emerging evidence positions ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation, as a pivotal mechanism. This review introduces the \u201cFerroptosis-Immune-Metabolic Axis\u201d as an integrative framework for asthma pathogenesis. We detail how environmental insults (e.g., allergens, pollutants) initiate ferroptosis in airway epithelial cells, leading to the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and lipid peroxidation products (e.g., 4-HNE). These molecules activate and recruit immune cells (M1 macrophages, neutrophils, Th17 cells), which in turn exacerbate oxidative stress and iron dysregulation, creating a self-amplifying cycle. Metabolic reprogramming, including enhanced polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) synthesis and glycolytic flux, provides the essential substrates and energy to sustain this vicious cycle. We dissect endotype-specific manifestations: IL-33-driven epithelial ferroptosis in eosinophilic asthma and ALOX15-mediated lipid peroxidation coupled with hepcidin-induced iron retention in neutrophilic asthma. Therapeutically, we highlight novel strategies such as inhaled GPX4 mRNA nanocarriers and ALOX15 inhibitors, underscoring the potential of targeting this axis for precision medicine in refractory asthma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1714608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T06:52:36Z","timestamp":1767768756000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Ferroptosis-immune-metabolic axis in asthma: mechanistic crosstalk, endotype-specific regulation, and translational targeting"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Feng-Xian","family":"Ni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei-Sheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Hui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-Hui","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ze-Bo","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15025","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.25","article-title":"Asthma","volume":"1","author":"Holgate","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17176212","article-title":"Impact of Air Pollution on Asthma Outcomes","volume":"17","author":"Tiotiu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14041079","article-title":"Advances in Biologic Therapies for Allergic Diseases: Current Trends, Emerging Agents, and Future Perspectives","volume":"14","author":"Alska","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/s40164-023-00427-w","article-title":"Ferroptosis: a novel regulated cell death participating in cellular stress response, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy","volume":"12","author":"Zheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2023.11.040","article-title":"The biochemical pathways of apoptotic, necroptotic, pyroptotic, and ferroptotic cell death","volume":"84","author":"Ai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-025-02212-9","article-title":"The immunology of asthma","volume":"26","author":"Lambrecht","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-023-05716-0","article-title":"The interaction between ferroptosis and inflammatory signaling pathways","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2019.101333","article-title":"Immunologic mechanisms in asthma","volume":"46","author":"Boonpiyathad","year":"2019","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2024.06.010","article-title":"Type 2 Inflammation and Asthma in Children: A Narrative Review","volume":"12","author":"Papadopoulos","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109391","article-title":"Ozone-induced lung injury and inflammation: Pathways and therapeutic targets for pulmonary diseases caused by air pollutants","volume":"198","author":"Russo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01606-1","article-title":"Targeting ferroptosis opens new avenues for the development of novel therapeutics","volume":"8","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70116","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.70116","article-title":"Ferroptosis in Pulmonary Disease and Lung Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms, Crosstalk Regulation, and Therapeutic Strategies","volume":"6","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"MedComm (2020)"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.03.042","article-title":"Stockwell, Ferroptosis: An Iron-Dependent Form of Nonapoptotic Cell Death","volume":"149","author":"Dixon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.06.003","article-title":"Ferroptosis turns 10: Emerging mechanisms, physiological functions, and therapeutic applications","volume":"185","author":"Stockwell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-025-02154-6","article-title":"Harnessing ferroptosis for precision oncology: challenges and prospects","volume":"23","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Acosta","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Biol"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-020-00324-8","article-title":"Ferroptosis: mechanisms, biology and role in disease","volume":"22","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-02070-1","article-title":"Emerging regulatory mechanisms and functions of biomolecular condensates: implications for therapeutic targets","volume":"10","author":"Jeon","year":"2025","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-024-00703-5","article-title":"The cell biology of ferroptosis","volume":"25","author":"Dixon","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-021-00859-z","article-title":"Organelle-specific regulation of ferroptosis","volume":"28","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.03.042","article-title":"Ferroptosis: an iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death","volume":"149","author":"Dixon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000002533","article-title":"Acyl-CoA synthase ACSL4: an essential target in ferroptosis and fatty acid metabolism","volume":"136","author":"Ding","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prostaglandins.2019.106363","article-title":"Role of acyl-CoA synthetase ACSL4 in arachidonic acid metabolism","volume":"144","author":"Kuwata","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediators"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-021-00818-3","article-title":"PKC\u03b2II phosphorylates ACSL4 to amplify lipid peroxidation to induce ferroptosis","volume":"24","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-023-05272-5","article-title":"Inhibition of ACSL4 ameliorates tubular ferroptotic cell death and protects against fibrotic kidney disease","volume":"6","author":"Dai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpha.2025.101304","article-title":"Regulation of iron metabolism in ferroptosis: From mechanism research to clinical translation","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Pharm Anal"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11122345","article-title":"Nrf2 and Oxidative Stress: A General Overview of Mechanisms and Implications in Human Disease 11(12)","author":"Ngo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Bsl)"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2024.12.010","article-title":"Regulating Nrf2 activity: ubiquitin ligases and signaling molecules in redox homeostasis","volume":"50","author":"Hayes","year":"2025","journal-title":"Trends Biochem Sci"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2024.103134","article-title":"Biomarkers of NRF2 signalling: Current status and future challenges","volume":"72","author":"Morgenstern","year":"2024","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12091739","article-title":"NRF2, a Superstar of Ferroptosis","volume":"12","author":"Yan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Bsl)"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2023.112724","article-title":"The integrated stress response effector ATF4 is an obligatory metabolic activator of NRF2","volume":"42","author":"Kre\u00df","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2022.01.012","article-title":"Mitochondrial oxidative stress mediated Fe-induced ferroptosis via the NRF2-ARE pathway","volume":"180","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Free Radical Biol Med"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-016-2223-0","article-title":"Role of Nrf2\/HO-1 system in development, oxidative stress response and diseases: an evolutionarily conserved mechanism","volume":"73","author":"Loboda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ade9585","article-title":"NRF2 controls iron homeostasis and ferroptosis through HERC2 and VAMP8","volume":"9","author":"Anandhan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-024-01336-2","article-title":"The regulation and function of Nrf2 signaling in ferroptosis-activated cancer therapy","volume":"45","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol Sin"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2011.02.001","article-title":"Nrf2 regulates ferroportin 1-mediated iron efflux and counteracts lipopolysaccharide-induced ferroportin 1 mRNA suppression in macrophages","volume":"508","author":"Harada","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.727806","article-title":"Role of Nrf2 in Disease: Novel Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches - Pulmonary Disease\/Asthma","volume":"12","author":"Audousset","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20455\/ros.2016.875","article-title":"Nrf2 Signaling in Macrophages","volume":"2","author":"Zhu","year":"2016","journal-title":"React Oxyg Species (Apex)"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adu9555","article-title":"DNA damage response pathway regulates Nrf2 in response to oxidative stress","volume":"11","author":"Jiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01969-z","article-title":"Iron homeostasis and ferroptosis in human diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic prospects","volume":"9","author":"Ru","year":"2024","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4MT00164H","article-title":"Iron regulatory proteins and their role in controlling iron metabolism","volume":"7","author":"K\u00fchn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Metallomics"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2012.05.010","article-title":"Mammalian iron metabolism and its control by iron regulatory proteins","volume":"1823","author":"Anderson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta (BBA) - Mol Cell Res"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-024-03270-2","article-title":"Diurnal control of iron responsive element containing mRNAs through iron regulatory proteins IRP1 and IRP2 is mediated by feeding rhythms","volume":"25","author":"Nadimpalli","year":"2024","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-024-06704-6","article-title":"FGFR1 governs iron homeostasis via regulating intracellular protein degradation pathways of IRP2 in prostate cancer cells","volume":"7","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-09331-1","article-title":"Epithelial cell membrane perforation induces allergic airway inflammation","volume":"645","author":"Shi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-62026-4_4","article-title":"The Role of NCOA4-Mediated Ferritinophagy in Ferroptosis","volume":"1301","author":"Santana-Codina","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2024.155553","article-title":"Ferritinophagy: Molecular mechanisms and role in disease","volume":"262","author":"Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pathol - Res Pract"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/an.116.013961","article-title":"Regulation of the Iron Homeostatic Hormone Hepcidin","volume":"8","author":"Sangkhae","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.9b11454","article-title":"Molecular Mechanism of ISC Iron\u2013Sulfur Cluster Biogenesis Revealed by High-Resolution Native Mass Spectrometry","volume":"142","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adk1200","article-title":"Identification of a targeted ACSL4 inhibitor to treat ferroptosis-related diseases","volume":"10","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2023.02.030","article-title":"The multifaceted roles of mitochondria","volume":"83","author":"Pucadyil","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2016.11.088","article-title":"The role of mitochondria in metabolism and cell death","volume":"482","author":"Vakifahmetoglu-Norberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2025.2481126","article-title":"Microplastics exacerbate ferroptosis via mitochondrial reactive oxygen species-mediated autophagy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"21","author":"Wei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2016.11.010","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in metabolic disorders \u2014 A step towards mitochondria based therapeutic strategies","volume":"1863","author":"Bhatti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta (BBA) - Mol Basis Dis"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6175804","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/6175804","article-title":"ROS Generation and Antioxidant Defense Systems in Normal and Malignant Cells","volume":"2019","author":"Snezhkina","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2019.4188","article-title":"Mitochondrial electron transport chain, ROS generation and uncoupling (Review)","volume":"44","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01839-8","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction: mechanisms and advances in therapy","volume":"9","author":"Zong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-023-00648-1","article-title":"Mechanisms controlling cellular and systemic iron homeostasis","volume":"25","author":"Galy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2016.00308","article-title":"The Protective Role of Mitochondrial Ferritin on Erastin-Induced Ferroptosis","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-03725-5","article-title":"Mitochondrial ferritin attenuates cerebral ischaemia\/reperfusion injury by inhibiting ferroptosis","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2020.101670","article-title":"Hypoxia inhibits ferritinophagy, increases mitochondrial ferritin, and protects from ferroptosis","volume":"36","author":"Fuhrmann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01547-9","article-title":"Mitochondrial dynamics in health and disease: mechanisms and potential targets","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841362","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/841362","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress and lipid metabolism: mechanisms and therapeutic potential","volume":"2012","author":"Basseri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochem Res Int"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-024-06804-5","article-title":"Mitophagy-related regulated cell death: molecular mechanisms and disease implications","volume":"15","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-023-06045-y","article-title":"The diversified role of mitochondria in ferroptosis in cancer","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-024-01359-9","article-title":"The correlation between mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs) and Ca2+ transport in the pathogenesis of diseases","volume":"46","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol Sin"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tra.12613","article-title":"Lysosomal membrane permeabilization and cell death","volume":"19","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Traffic"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-02095-6","article-title":"Redox regulation: mechanisms, biology and therapeutic targets in diseases","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2014.5851","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress in cell fate decision and human disease","volume":"21","author":"Cao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceca.2017.05.003","article-title":"Mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum calcium homeostasis and cell death","volume":"69","author":"Marchi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Calcium"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cstres.2023.12.003","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated cell death in cardiovascular disease","volume":"29","author":"An","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Stress Chaperones"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2017.05.012","article-title":"ER Membrane Phospholipids and Surface Tension Control Cellular Lipid Droplet Formation","volume":"41","author":"Ben M\u2019barek","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2022.101481","article-title":"Organelle transporters and inter-organelle communication as drivers of metabolic regulation and cellular homeostasis","volume":"60","author":"Jain","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Metab"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(03)00109-6","article-title":"Intralysosomal iron: a major determinant of oxidant-induced cell death","volume":"34","author":"Yu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Free Radical Biol Med"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-021-00320-3","article-title":"Pharmacological targeting of endoplasmic reticulum stress in disease","volume":"21","author":"Marciniak","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2732-8","article-title":"Plasticity of ether lipids promotes ferroptosis susceptibility and evasion","volume":"585","author":"Zou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-025-03771-5","article-title":"Lysosomes: guardians and healers within cells- multifaceted perspective and outlook from injury repair to disease treatment","volume":"25","author":"Bi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox14050527","article-title":"Ferroptosis and Iron Homeostasis: Molecular Mechanisms and Neurodegenerative Disease Implications","volume":"14","author":"Abdukarimov","year":"2025","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3554","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-58909-w","article-title":"Lysosomal lipid peroxidation contributes to ferroptosis induction via lysosomal membrane permeabilization","volume":"16","author":"Saimoto","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-021-03988-3","article-title":"The lysosome as an imperative regulator of autophagy and cell death","volume":"78","author":"Mahapatra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2021.07.003","article-title":"The lysosome as a master regulator of iron metabolism","volume":"46","author":"Rizzollo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Biochem Sci"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2012.03.005","article-title":"Lysosomal pathways to cell death and their therapeutic applications","volume":"318","author":"Hafner \u010cesen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-018-0244-7","article-title":"The lysosome as a cellular centre for signalling, metabolism and quality control","volume":"21","author":"Lawrence","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-025-01284-9","article-title":"Updated insights into the molecular networks for NLRP3 inflammasome activation","volume":"22","author":"Paik","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-023-01077-y","article-title":"An integrated view of lipid metabolism in ferroptosis revisited via lipidomic analysis","volume":"55","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp Mol Med"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-00216-5","article-title":"The interaction between ferroptosis and lipid metabolism in cancer","volume":"5","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.3390\/biom15030327","article-title":"From Molecular Therapies to Lysosomal Transplantation and Targeted Drug Strategies: Present Applications, Limitations, and Future Prospects of Lysosomal Medications","volume":"15","author":"Alhowyan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biochem-061009-102430","article-title":"Lipid droplets and cellular lipid metabolism","volume":"81","author":"Walther","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biochem"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2023.05.003","article-title":"Regulation of ferroptosis by lipid metabolism","volume":"33","author":"Pope","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellin.2025.100257","article-title":"The NF-\u03baB-SLC7A11 axis regulates ferroptosis sensitivity in inflammatory macrophages","volume":"4","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Insight"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.1043344","article-title":"Ferritinophagy, a form of autophagic ferroptosis: New insights into cancer treatment","volume":"13","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5c05314","article-title":"Targeted Knockdown of Epithelial Estrogen Receptor \u03b1 to Mitigate Ferroptosis and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Eosinophilic Asthma","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41385-021-00415-5","article-title":"Airway epithelial cell necroptosis contributes to asthma exacerbation in a mouse model of house dust mite-induced allergic inflammation","volume":"14","author":"Oikonomou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.1670","article-title":"Iron overloaded polarizes macrophage to proinflammation phenotype through ROS\/acetyl-p53 pathway","volume":"7","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2014.01.002","article-title":"Peroxisomes: a nexus for lipid metabolism and cellular signaling","volume":"19","author":"Lodhi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-00404-3","article-title":"Peroxisome: the new player in ferroptosis","volume":"5","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20153673","article-title":"Peroxisomal Hydrogen Peroxide Metabolism and Signaling in Health and Disease","volume":"20","author":"Lismont","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2025.03.003","article-title":"Airway epithelial cells as drivers of severe asthma pathogenesis","volume":"18","author":"Dorscheid","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1946","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13231946","article-title":"High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1): Molecular Signaling and Potential Therapeutic Strategies","volume":"13","author":"Datta","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-024-01862-w","article-title":"Peroxisomal homeostasis in metabolic diseases and its implication in ferroptosis","volume":"22","author":"Han","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Commun Signal"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00033.2016","article-title":"Redox Regulation of Homeostasis and Proteostasis in Peroxisomes","volume":"98","author":"Walker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-9255-8-22","article-title":"Role of IL-33 in inflammation and disease","volume":"8","author":"Miller","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Inflammation"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2019.06.010","article-title":"Iron homeostasis and iron-regulated ROS in cell death, senescence and human diseases","volume":"1863","author":"Nakamura","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta (BBA) - Gen Subj"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adn2804","article-title":"ROS transfer at peroxisome-mitochondria contact regulates mitochondrial redox","volume":"389","author":"DiGiovanni","year":"2025","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101026","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2021.101026","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress in asthma","volume":"85","author":"Michaeloudes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Asp Med"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116090","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2024.116090","article-title":"Diesel exhaust particle exposure exacerbates ciliary and epithelial barrier dysfunction in the multiciliated bronchial epithelium models","volume":"273","author":"Park","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2024.102365","article-title":"Mechanisms governing vesicle traffic at the Golgi apparatus","volume":"88","author":"Arab","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cell Biol"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-019-0289-2","article-title":"Golgi mechanics controls lipid metabolism","volume":"21","author":"Th\u00e9ry","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-025-01560-4","article-title":"The role of microglia in neurodegenerative diseases: from the perspective of ferroptosis","volume":"46","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol Sin"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2022.12.086","article-title":"ACSL4 and the lipoxygenases 15\/15B are pivotal for ferroptosis induced by iron and PUFA dyshomeostasis in dopaminergic neurons","volume":"195","author":"Bouchaoui","year":"2023","journal-title":"Free Radical Biol Med"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2012.76","article-title":"Th17 responses in chronic allergic airway inflammation abrogate regulatory T-cell-mediated tolerance and contribute to airway remodeling","volume":"6","author":"Zhao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5747","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25115747","article-title":"The New Paradigm: The Role of Proteins and Triggers in the Evolution of Allergic Asthma","volume":"25","author":"Baglivo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01452-1","article-title":"Macrophages in immunoregulation and therapeutics","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12182208","article-title":"The Dual Role of the Airway Epithelium in Asthma: Active Barrier and Regulator of Inflammation","volume":"12","author":"Frey","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02648725.2023.2210449","article-title":"Silencing of ALOX15 reduces ferroptosis and inflammation induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion by regulating PHD2\/HIF2\u03b1 signaling pathway","volume":"40","author":"Lei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7108","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-62532-0","article-title":"TLR4+group 2 innate lymphoid cells contribute to persistent type 2 immunity in airway diseases","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2009.10.022","article-title":"Role of FADS1 and FADS2 polymorphisms in polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism","volume":"59","author":"Glaser","year":"2010","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.910292","article-title":"System X(c) (-)\/GSH\/GPX4 axis: An important antioxidant system for the ferroptosis in drug-resistant solid tumor therapy","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1186\/s10020-023-00717-3","article-title":"HMGB1 and Toll-like receptors: potential therapeutic targets in autoimmune diseases","volume":"29","author":"Ren","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol Med"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox14050555","article-title":"Oxidative Stress and Skin Diseases: The Role of Lipid Peroxidation","volume":"14","author":"Li Pomi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2017.7115","article-title":"GPx4, Lipid Peroxidation, and Cell Death: Discoveries, Rediscoveries, and Open Issues","volume":"29","author":"Maiorino","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.10.047","article-title":"ACSL4 and polyunsaturated lipids support metastatic extravasation and colonization","volume":"188","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-023-04782-4","article-title":"Role of IL-33-ST2 pathway in regulating inflammation: current evidence and future perspectives","volume":"21","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Trans Med"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2025.152541","article-title":"Arachidonic acid\/Alox15 alleviates the progression of ulcerative colitis by modulating ferroptosis levels","volume":"782","author":"Feng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noab114","article-title":"MEF2C silencing downregulates NF2 and E-cadherin and enhances Erastin-induced ferroptosis in meningioma","volume":"23","author":"Bao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(21)00555-5","article-title":"Pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: understanding the contributions of gene-environment interactions across the lifespan","volume":"10","author":"Agust\u00ed","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1352946","article-title":"Macrophage polarization: an important role in inflammatory diseases","volume":"15","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.4c03294","article-title":"Iron-Induced Lipid Oxidation Alters Membrane Mechanics Favoring Permeabilization","volume":"40","author":"Lotfipour Nasudivar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2011.02.002","article-title":"TH17 cells in asthma and inflammation","volume":"1810","author":"Aujla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta (BBA) - Gen Subj"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8542","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-92915-8","article-title":"Innovative peptide therapeutics targeting IL17RA to regulate inflammatory responses","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-025-01322-6","article-title":"IL-17-secreting \u03b3\u03b4 T-cell-driven Siglec-F+ neutrophils mediate lung pathology in emphysema","volume":"22","author":"Mills","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-023-01667-y","article-title":"Selective IL-27 production by intestinal regulatory T cells permits gut-specific regulation of TH17 cell immunity","volume":"24","author":"Lin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.azn.2025.02.006","article-title":"Regulation of immune metabolism in Th17 and Treg cells","volume":"1","author":"Ji","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anim Zoonoses"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2020.114292","article-title":"Targeting neutrophils in asthma: A therapeutic opportunity","volume":"182","author":"Volder","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2017.07.003","article-title":"Neutrophilic Inflammation in Asthma and Association with Disease Severity","volume":"38","author":"Ray","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3983","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25073983","article-title":"Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Cardiovascular and Aortic Disease: A Narrative Review on Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targeting","volume":"25","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2023.10.004","article-title":"Macrophage phenotypes and functions: resolving inflammation and restoring homeostasis","volume":"44","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Morales","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242317089","article-title":"M2-Macrophage-Induced Chronic Inflammation Promotes Reversible Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Senescence and Reduces Their Anti-Fibrotic Properties","volume":"24","author":"Dyachkova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2017.09.002","article-title":"Macrophage polarization and allergic asthma","volume":"191","author":"Saradna","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trans Res"},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1536020","article-title":"Immunometabolism of Tregs: mechanisms, adaptability, and therapeutic implications in diseases","volume":"16","author":"Lu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115569","article-title":"The therapeutic potential of PD-1\/PD-L1 pathway on immune-related diseases: Based on the innate and adaptive immune components","volume":"167","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmther"},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellin.2024.100146","article-title":"PD-1-mediated inhibition of T cell activation: Mechanisms and strategies for cancer combination immunotherapy","volume":"3","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Insight"},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2009.112","article-title":"PD-L1 and PD-L2 modulate airway inflammation and iNKT-cell-dependent airway hyperreactivity in opposing directions","volume":"3","author":"Akbari","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.adp7302","article-title":"Palmitoylation of TIM-3 promotes immune exhaustion and restrains antitumor immunity","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Immunol"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-025-02415-x","article-title":"Ferroptosis: CD8+T cells\u2019 blade to destroy tumor cells or poison for self-destruction","volume":"11","author":"Liang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov"},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00229","article-title":"TIM-3 Regulates Distinct Functions in Macrophages","volume":"7","author":"Oca\u00f1a-Guzman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S528482","article-title":"Role of Ferroptosis in Alveolar Epithelial Cells in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Sun","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Inflammation Re"},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.113416","article-title":"NLRP3 regulates ferroptosis via the JAK2\/STAT3 pathway in asthma inflammation: Insights from in vivo and in vitro studies","volume":"143","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.07.050","article-title":"Distinct TLR-mediated pathways regulate house dust mite\u2013induced allergic disease in the upper and lower airways","volume":"131","author":"Ryu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-nutr-082018-124250","article-title":"FADS1 and FADS2 Polymorphisms Modulate Fatty Acid Metabolism and Dietary Impact on Health","volume":"39","author":"Koletzko","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annu Rev Nutr"},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-022-00566-8","article-title":"Long non-coding RNAs: definitions, functions, challenges and recommendations","volume":"24","author":"Mattick","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-023-06311-z","article-title":"LINC01133 can induce acquired ferroptosis resistance by enhancing the FSP1 mRNA stability through forming the LINC01133-FUS-FSP1 complex","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2024.106632","article-title":"The role of estrogen receptors in intracellular estrogen signaling pathways, an overview","volume":"245","author":"Gui","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-019-0079-0","article-title":"Targeting cell signaling in allergic asthma","volume":"4","author":"Athari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2015.68","article-title":"Metabolic reprogramming in macrophages and dendritic cells in innate immunity","volume":"25","author":"Kelly","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2021.02.127","article-title":"Liproxstatin-1 alleviates bleomycin-induced alveolar epithelial cells injury and mice pulmonary fibrosis via attenuating inflammation, reshaping redox equilibrium, and suppressing ROS\/p53\/\u03b1-SMA pathway","volume":"551","author":"Tao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2023.110356","article-title":"Ferrostatin-1 alleviates ventilator-induced lung injury by inhibiting ferroptosis","volume":"120","author":"Ling","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2025.e41628","article-title":"PPARG\/SPP1\/CD44 signaling pathway in alveolar macrophages: Mechanisms of lipid dysregulation and therapeutic targets in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2024.06.002","article-title":"Adipose tissue remodeling via TSLP-mediated IL-4\/IL-13 signaling: Implications for atopic dermatitis and skin barrier","volume":"154","author":"Sugita","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2016.10.021","article-title":"Assessment of lipid peroxidation by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) and relatives in biological samples: Analytical and biological challenges","volume":"524","author":"Tsikas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-024-01398-z","article-title":"Activating the NFE2L1-ubiquitin-proteasome system by DDI2 protects from ferroptosis","volume":"32","author":"Ofoghi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Death Different"},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.113187","article-title":"Chicoric acid acts as an ALOX15 inhibitor to prevent ferroptosis in asthma","volume":"142","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2023.08.012","article-title":"Beyond ferrostatin-1: a comprehensive review of ferroptosis inhibitors","volume":"44","author":"Scarpellini","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/s43088-025-00646-6","article-title":"Breathing new life nanomedicines for pulmonary drug delivery: targeting approaches, experimental models, and regulatory aspects","volume":"14","author":"Gholap","year":"2025","journal-title":"Beni-Suef Univ J Basic Appl Sci"},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-02035-4","article-title":"Nucleic acid drugs: recent progress and future perspectives","volume":"9","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20342","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-06122-6","article-title":"Investigation of key ferroptosis-associated genes and potential therapeutic drugs for asthma based on machine learning and regression modelse","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.2174\/1874467209666160112125911","article-title":"Clinical Studies of Statins in Asthma and COPD","volume":"10","author":"Thomson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10092179","article-title":"Lipid Nanoparticles as Delivery Vehicles for Inhaled Therapeutics","volume":"10","author":"Leong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-025-00814-1","article-title":"Next-generation materials for nucleic acid delivery","volume":"10","author":"Van Der Meel","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mats"},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113516","article-title":"Ferroptosis, novel therapeutics in asthma","volume":"153","author":"Lv","year":"2022","journal-title":"BioMed Pharmacother"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1714608\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T06:52:37Z","timestamp":1767768757000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1714608\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"references-count":169,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1714608"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1714608","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"article-number":"1714608"}}