{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T11:44:20Z","timestamp":1784547860820,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Physical activity induces rapid and selective leukocyte mobilization. Among the most responsive cell types to high-intensity exercise are CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T cells, key effectors of immune defense against infected cells and cancer. However, comprehensive profiling of acute high-intensity interval training (HIIT)-induced modulation of the CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T cell compartment remains lacking.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We assessed the effects of a supervised, group-based HIIT session on the CD8+ T cell compartment in 23 healthy participants. Blood was collected at baseline, immediately post-exercise (ex02), and one hour post-exercise (ex60). CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T cells were analyzed for virus peptide reactivity using DNA-barcoded peptide-MHC multimer staining targeting 250 peptides. Differentiation status, chemokine receptor expression, and ligand regulation were assessed by flow cytometry and Olink proteomics, and finally, associations between individual characteristics and CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T cell mobilization were analyzed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A single HIIT bout induced robust CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T cell mobilization followed by substantial egress, which were consistent across fitness levels, body composition and age. Circulating virus-reactive T cells significantly increased in peripheral blood in response to exercise across virus types, including EBV-, SARS-CoV-2- and CMV-specific T cells. HIIT modulated chemokine receptor profiles, and memory subsets were reorganized, reducing terminally differentiated and CD57\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      , PD-1\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      , and CD28\n                      <jats:sup>neg<\/jats:sup>\n                      cells at ex60 post-exercise. Notably, catecholamines NE and EPI peaked post-exercise, and NE was selectively associated with CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T cell mobilization.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In conclusion, acute HIIT mobilizes functional, virus-reactive CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T cells with features indicative of enhanced migratory and activation potential, supporting translational use from tumor immunology to infectious disease. The study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05826496).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1739657","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T14:11:18Z","timestamp":1768831878000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Moving for optimal immunity: the effect of acute high-intensity interval training on phenotype, virus specificity and chemokine receptor expression in human CD8+ T cells"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Katharina","family":"Leuchte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev","place":["Herlev, Denmark"]},{"name":"Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne","place":["Cologne, 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Orebo","family":"Holmstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev","place":["Herlev, Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongjin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Technology, Bioinformatics, Single Cell Omics, Technical University of Denmark","place":["Kongens Lyngby, Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars R\u00f8nn","family":"Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Technology, Bioinformatics, Single Cell Omics, Technical University of Denmark","place":["Kongens Lyngby, Denmark"]},{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology, LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, University of Copenhagen","place":["Copenhagen, 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