{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T07:10:11Z","timestamp":1774422611216,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      BKPyV-associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN) is a major complication in kidney transplantation. An exhaustion of BKPyV-specific T-cells but not T-cells against other viruses is observed, suggesting a mechanism specifically mediated by BKPyV-specific CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T lymphocytes (BKPyV-LT-CD8).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed the proliferation and specific functions in response to stimulation with BKPyV or CEF peptides of T-cells from 41 kidney transplants (23 without BKPyV-DNAemia and 18 with presumed BKPyVAN). We performed comparative transcriptomics on peripheral BKPyV-LT-CD8 and EBV-LT-CD8 cells, and kidney biopsy specimens from patients with BKPyVAN and stable transplants (GSE47199 dataset). The factors identified were validated by immunohistochemistry on graft biopsy specimens.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Levels of the KLRC1 transcript encoding NKG2A were higher in peripheral BKPyV-LT-CD8 than in EBV-LT-CD8 cells. They were also higher in BKPyVAN than in stable kidneys. Immunohistochemistry revealed a higher quantity of NKG2A\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      cells and of NKG2A\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      CD8 T-cells in BKPyVAN samples. Furthermore, the NKG2A ligand HLA-E tended to be more abundant in tubular epithelial cells from patients with BKPyVAN than in stable kidneys and located close to NKG2A.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings identify NKG2A as a checkpoint inhibitor associated with impaired BKPyV-LT-CD8 function in presumed BKPyVAN. The NKG2A\/HLA-E pathway therefore plays a key role in BKPyVAN.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1719655","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T05:42:38Z","timestamp":1774417358000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The inhibitory receptor NKG2A is expressed on T-cells during BKPyVANephropathy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Karen","family":"Bargiel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut national de la sant\u00e9 et de la recherche m\u00e9dicale (INSERM) 1356, Gustave Roussy Institute","place":["Villejuif, France"]},{"name":"Paris-Saclay University","place":["Orsay, France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Desterke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paris-Saclay University","place":["Orsay, France"]},{"name":"Institut national de la sant\u00e9 et de la recherche m\u00e9dicale (INSERM)-UMRS1310","place":["Villejuif, France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manon","family":"Dekeyser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut national de la sant\u00e9 et de la recherche m\u00e9dicale (INSERM) 1356, Gustave Roussy Institute","place":["Villejuif, France"]},{"name":"Paris-Saclay University","place":["Orsay, France"]},{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Centre Hospitalier R\u00e9gional Universitaire d\u2019Orl\u00e9ans","place":["Orl\u00e9ans, France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Rabant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departement d\u2019Anatomopathologie, Hospital Necker, Assistance Publique - 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