{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T02:39:00Z","timestamp":1792291140627,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778803200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oxidative stress is implicated in acute pancreatitis (AP), but its diagnos-tic\/prognostic value at presentation is uncertain; this study evaluated whether redox markers discriminate radiologic severity and how they relate to inflammation and apoptosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this observational study cohort severity was classified as Balthazar D vs A\u2013C score. Assays biomarkers included protein carbonyls (P-carb), lipid peroxidation state (TBARS), antioxidant status (TAC), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT); inflammatory markers (CRP, AISI, SIRI); pro-apoptosis\/innate immunity markers (caspase-3, IL-1\u03b2, AIM2). Discrimination used ROC\/AUC with bootstrap CIs; a prespecified Redox Imbalance Index (RII) and exploratory load-vs-buffer ratios were derived. Correlations employed Spearman and age-adjusted partial Spearman with Benjamini Hochberg\u2013FDR correction; logistic models used z-scored predictors with.632 bootstrap correction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Single-marker discrimination was modest (GSH AUC of 0.57 [95% CI 0.24\u20130.85]; CRP of 0.55 [0.26\u20130.82]; AISI of 0.53 [0.30\u20130.75]); RII of 0.42 [0.17\u20130.69]; derived indices (POBI \u2264 0.48). Combined models overfit (apparent AUC 0.56\u20130.59;.632 corrected \u22480.39). By contrast, caspase-3 correlated with CRP, GSH, and P-carb (moderate, age-robust), and GSH\u2013P-carb coupling was strong, whereas TBARS aligned weakly.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At presentation, oxidative-stress signatures co-vary with inflammation and apoptosis (strong GSH\u2013P-carb coupling and moderate, age-robust caspase-3 correlations with CRP and P-carb). However, neither single markers nor composite indices (including the prespecified Redox Imbalance Index) reliably discriminated radiologic severity (AUCs 0.42\u20130.57, all 95% CIs including 0.50). Multivariable models showed substantial overfitting after.632 bootstrap correction. These findings support further investigation of the antioxidant\u2013protein-oxidation and apoptosis\u2013inflammation axes in adequately powered, longitudinal studies rather than as immediate clinical triage tools.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1736996","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T09:49:15Z","timestamp":1778838555000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Evaluation of oxidative stress in acute pancreatitis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Vlad","family":"P\u0103dureanu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova","place":["Craiova, Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan Nicolae","family":"Florescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova","place":["Craiova, Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergiu Marian","family":"Cazacu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova","place":["Craiova, Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia Maria","family":"R\u0103dulescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova","place":["Craiova, Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodica","family":"P\u0103dureanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova","place":["Craiova, Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihaela Andreea","family":"Podeanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova","place":["Craiova, Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radu Razvan","family":"Mititelu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova","place":["Craiova, Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihnea Marian","family":"Pomacu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova","place":["Craiova, Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Maria","family":"Bug\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova","place":["Craiova, 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