{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T07:15:21Z","timestamp":1781766921394,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) exhibits a pronounced sex bias, affecting females approximately nine times more frequently than males; however, males tend to experience a more severe clinical course yet the molecular basis for these differences remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Leveraging epigenomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data from the whole blood of 720 SLE patients (679 females, 41males) and 84 healthy controls (77 females, 7 males), we conducted comprehensive multi-omic analyses to identify sex-specific molecular features of this disease. Specifically, differential expression analysis for each modality was conducted using a factorial design to identify differences between disease and healthy controls (SLE\u2013HC) for each sex, as well as the interaction effects between sex and disease ([Male SLE \u2013 Male HC] \u2013 [Female SLE \u2013 Female HC]). Benjamini &amp;amp; Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) was used for multiple test correction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The strongest signal differentiating males and females with SLE was the aberrant expression of the long non-coding RNA,\n                      <jats:italic>XIST<\/jats:italic>\n                      , in males. This\n                      <jats:italic>XIST<\/jats:italic>\n                      expression in males with SLE was bimodal, with 54% of males having elevated\n                      <jats:italic>XIST<\/jats:italic>\n                      expression, and correlated with disease severity. Males with SLE also exhibited significant hypermethylation of the X chromosome and transcriptional silencing of X-linked genes \u2013 hallmarks of X-chromosome inactivation (XCI), a process typically restricted to females.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These results suggest that X-chromosome silencing by\n                      <jats:italic>XIST<\/jats:italic>\n                      may contribute to SLE disease in males.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1743606","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T13:28:21Z","timestamp":1775482101000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["XIST expression and hypermethylation of the X chromosome in males with systemic lupus erythematosus"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Helen O.","family":"Masson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eli Lilly and Company","place":["Indianapolis, IN, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan D.","family":"Crawford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana Biosciences Research Institute","place":["Indianapolis, IN, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David C.","family":"Gemperline","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eli Lilly and Company","place":["Indianapolis, IN, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James E.","family":"Scherschel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eli Lilly and Company","place":["Indianapolis, IN, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guilherme G. V","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eli Lilly and Company","place":["Indianapolis, IN, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Preuss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eli Lilly and Company","place":["Indianapolis, IN, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabella H.","family":"Wulur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eli Lilly and Company","place":["Indianapolis, IN, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew D.","family":"Linnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eli Lilly and Company","place":["Indianapolis, IN, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard E.","family":"Higgs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eli Lilly and Company","place":["Indianapolis, IN, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ernst R.","family":"Dow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eli Lilly and Company","place":["Indianapolis, IN, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2018.09.004","article-title":"Update on the epidemiology, risk factors, and disease outcomes of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"32","author":"Gergianaki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2164","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-10106-2","article-title":"Interferon inducible X-linked gene CXorf21 may contribute to sexual dimorphism in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","volume":"10","author":"Odhams","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genm.2011.10.003","article-title":"Sex differences in disease severity among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"8","author":"Crosslin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gender Med"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.111061","article-title":"Differences between male and female systemic lupus erythematosus in a multiethnic population","volume":"39","author":"Tan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02160","article-title":"Characterization of cxorf21 provides molecular insight into female-bias immune response in SLE pathogenesis","volume":"10","author":"Harris","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0901181106","article-title":"Identification of IRAK1 as a risk gene with critical role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"106","author":"Jacob","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04642-z","article-title":"TLR7 gain-of-function genetic variation causes human lupus","volume":"605","author":"Brown","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0603912103","article-title":"A Tlr7 translocation accelerates systemic autoimmunity in murine lupus","volume":"103","author":"Subramanian","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80355-4","article-title":"X chromosome inactivation is mediated by Xist RNA stabilization","volume":"90","author":"Panning","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aap8855","article-title":"TLR7 escapes X chromosome inactivation in immune cells","volume":"3","author":"Souyris","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Immunol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e169344","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.169344","article-title":"The XIST lncRNA is a sex-specific reservoir of TLR7 ligands in SLE","volume":"8","author":"Crawford","year":"2023","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20021553","article-title":"Interferon and granulopoiesis signatures in systemic lupus erythematosus blood","volume":"197","author":"Bennett","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0337679100","article-title":"Interferon-inducible gene expression signature in peripheral blood cells of patients with severe lupus","volume":"100","author":"Baechler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08916930310001625952","article-title":"Microarray analysis of interferon-regulated genes in SLE","volume":"36","author":"Crow","year":"2003","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gene.6363966","article-title":"Analysis of gene expression profiles in human systemic lupus erythematosus using oligonucleotide microarray","volume":"4","author":"Han","year":"2003","journal-title":"Genes Immun"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2008.05.012","article-title":"A modular analysis framework for blood genomics studies: application to systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"29","author":"Chaussabel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-022-06495-3","article-title":"Identification of potential biomarkers for systemic lupus erythematosus by integrated analysis of gene expression and methylation data","volume":"42","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720X13485503","article-title":"Biomarkers in systemic lupus erythematosus: challenges and prospects for the future","volume":"5","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/epi-2016-0096","article-title":"DNA methylation in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"9","author":"Hedrich","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epigenomics"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-212379","article-title":"DNA methylation mapping identifies gene regulatory effects in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"77","author":"Imgenberg-Kreuz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s12014-023-09420-1","article-title":"Proteomic analysis identifies subgroups of patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"20","author":"Su","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Proteom"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e172569","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.172569","article-title":"Urine proteomic signatures of histological class, activity, chronicity, and treatment response in lupus nephritis","volume":"9","author":"Fava","year":"2024","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.969509","article-title":"Combined proteomics and single cell RNA-sequencing analysis to identify biomarkers of disease diagnosis and disease exacerbation for systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)02607-1","article-title":"Baricitinib for systemic lupus erythematosus: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial (SLE-BRAVE-I)","volume":"401","author":"Morand","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)02546-6","article-title":"Baricitinib for systemic lupus erythematosus: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial (SLE-BRAVE-II)","volume":"401","author":"Petri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-020-0439-x","article-title":"The nf-core framework for community-curated bioinformatics pipelines","volume":"38","author":"Ewels","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-018-0046-7","article-title":"Bioconda: sustainable and comprehensive software distribution for the life sciences","volume":"15","author":"Gr\u00fcning","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btx192","article-title":"BioContainers: an open-source and community-driven framework for software standardization","volume":"33","author":"da Veiga Leprevost","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3820","article-title":"Nextflow enables reproducible computational workflows","volume":"35","author":"Di Tommaso","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp616","article-title":"edgeR: a Bioconductor package for differential expression analysis of digital gene expression data","volume":"26","author":"Robinson","year":"2010","journal-title":"bioinformatics"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts503","article-title":"Qualimap: evaluating next-generation sequencing alignment data","volume":"28","author":"Garc\u00eda-Alcalde","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R51","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2013-14-5-r51","article-title":"Characterizing and measuring bias in sequence data","volume":"14","author":"Ross","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"giab008","DOI":"10.1093\/gigascience\/giab008","article-title":"Twelve years of SAMtools and BCFtools","volume":"10","author":"Danecek","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gigascience"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv007","article-title":"limma powers differential expression analyses for RNA-sequencing and microarray studies","volume":"43","author":"Ritchie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xinn.2021.100141","article-title":"clusterProfiler 4.0: A universal enrichment tool for interpreting omics data","volume":"2","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Innovation"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkad1025","article-title":"The reactome pathway knowledgebase 2024","volume":"52","author":"Milacic","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1991.tb01857.x","article-title":"A reliable data-based bandwidth selection method for kernel density estimation","volume":"53","author":"Sheather","year":"1991","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc: Ser B (Methodological)"},{"key":"B38","volume-title":"185 Baricitinib-associated changes in type I interferon gene signature during a 24-week phase 2 clinical SLE trial. Abstracts","author":"Petri","year":"2019"},{"key":"B39","volume-title":"granulator: Rapid benchmarking of methods for *in silico* deconvolution of bulk RNA-seq data. R package version 1.14.0 ed","author":"Ferrero","year":"2024"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.01.041","article-title":"RNA-Seq signatures normalized by mRNA abundance allow absolute deconvolution of human immune cell types","volume":"26","author":"Monaco","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bty926","article-title":"Dtangle: accurate and robust cell type deconvolution","volume":"35","author":"Hunt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2024.01.004","article-title":"The structure and function of olfactory receptors","volume":"45","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1029244","article-title":"Olfactory receptors in macrophages and inflammation","volume":"13","author":"Orecchioni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23701","article-title":"Klinefelter\u2019s syndrome (47, XXY) in male systemic lupus erythematosus patients: support for the notion of a gene-dose effect from the X chromosome","volume":"58","author":"Scofield","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumat"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkh036","article-title":"The Gene Ontology (GO) database and informatics resource","volume":"32","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"B46","volume-title":"The KEGG database. \u2018In silico\u2019simulation of biological processes: Novartis Foundation Symposium 247","author":"Kanehisa","year":"2002"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkq1018","article-title":"Reactome: a database of reactions, pathways and biological processes","volume":"39","author":"Croft","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s13293-015-0053-7","article-title":"Derivation of consensus inactivation status for X-linked genes from genome-wide studies","volume":"6","author":"Balaton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol Sex Differ"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2199-11-33","article-title":"The human RPS4 paralogue on Yq11. 223 encodes a structurally conserved ribosomal protein and is preferentially expressed during spermatogenesis","volume":"11","author":"Lopes","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Mol Biol"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4238\/gmr16029142","article-title":"Identification of significant pathway cross-talk in rheumatoid arthritis by the Monte Carlo cross-validation method","volume":"16","author":"Song","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genet Mol Res"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.genet.36.042902.092433","article-title":"Xist RNA and the mechanism of X chromosome inactivation","volume":"36","author":"Plath","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annu Rev Genet"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cels.2022.10.002","article-title":"Somatic XIST activation and features of X chromosome inactivation in male human cancers","volume":"13","author":"Sadagopan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Syst"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.690522","article-title":"X-inactive-specific transcript: review of its functions in the carcinogenesis","volume":"9","author":"Ghafouri-Fard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2024.04.005","article-title":"Dysregulation of the long noncoding RNA X-inactive\u2013specific transcript expression in male patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"194","author":"Carman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.2025-0390.PT022","article-title":"XIST expression in males with systemic lupus erythematosus: bimodal distribution and partial x-chromosome inactivation","volume":"52","author":"Masson","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.03.025","article-title":"Systematic discovery of Xist RNA binding proteins","volume":"161","author":"Chu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1093208","article-title":"Toll-like receptors 7 and 9 regulate the proliferation and differentiation of B cells in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"14","author":"Wen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1401720","article-title":"B cell\u2013intrinsic TLR7 signaling is essential for the development of spontaneous germinal centers","volume":"193","author":"Soni","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.12.037","article-title":"Xist ribonucleoproteins promote female sex-biased autoimmunity","volume":"187","author":"Dou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.11.033","article-title":"XIST directly regulates X-linked and autosomal genes in naive human pluripotent cells","volume":"187","author":"Dror","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1012854","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1012854","article-title":"An interferon-stimulated long non-coding RNA USP30-AS1 as an immune modulator in influenza A virus infection","volume":"21","author":"Cao","year":"2025","journal-title":"PloS Pathog"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4223","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-59496-6","article-title":"Transcriptional stochasticity reveals multiple mechanisms of long non-coding RNA regulation at the Xist\u2013Tsix locus","volume":"16","author":"Kesler","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.153.4.773","article-title":"Synergism of Xist RNA, DNA methylation, and histone hypoacetylation in maintaining X chromosome inactivation","volume":"153","author":"Csankovszki","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(00)80248-8","article-title":"A shift from reversible to irreversible X inactivation is triggered during ES cell differentiation","volume":"5","author":"Wutz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587-025-00856-8","article-title":"Aging promotes reactivation of the Barr body at distal chromosome regions","volume":"5","author":"Hoelzl","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Aging"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eads8169","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ads8169","article-title":"Aging activates escape of the silent X chromosome in the female mouse hippocampus","volume":"11","author":"Gadek","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx020","article-title":"Body-hypomethylated human genes harbor extensive intragenic transcriptional activity and are prone to cancer-associated dysregulation","volume":"45","author":"Mendizabal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1743606\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T08:57:05Z","timestamp":1775725025000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1743606\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]]},"references-count":67,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1743606"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1743606","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]]},"article-number":"1743606"}}