{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T18:36:05Z","timestamp":1790879765705,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":222,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Leishmaniasis, a vector-borne disease affecting millions worldwide, is caused by protozoan parasite\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                    . In mammalian hosts,\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                    survives in the hostile environment of macrophages by exploiting key metabolic pathways to evade their destruction and subvert the host immune responses. Understanding of how\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                    alters host immune cell metabolism could reveal novel targets for vaccines and therapeutics for effective control of Leishmaniasis. This review focuses on\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                    -induced modulation of host immune response, with particular focus on reprograming of key metabolic pathways in macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells and other immune cells.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1750304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T06:53:40Z","timestamp":1771397620000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Leishmania mediated regulation of host metabolism: impact on host immunity"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Somtochukwu S.","family":"Onwah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba","place":["Winnipeg, MB, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaurav","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba","place":["Winnipeg, MB, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romaniya","family":"Zayats","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba","place":["Winnipeg, MB, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amol Singh","family":"Banga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, NIIT University","place":["Neemrana, Rajasthan, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kashish","family":"Chhotaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, NIIT University","place":["Neemrana, Rajasthan, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gurtej","family":"Ahluwalia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, NIIT University","place":["Neemrana, Rajasthan, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jude E.","family":"Uzonna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba","place":["Winnipeg, MB, Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba","place":["Winnipeg, MB, Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba","place":["Winnipeg, MB, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2004.03.004","article-title":"Leishmaniasis: current situation and new perspectives","volume":"27","author":"Desjeux","year":"2004","journal-title":"Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"B2","article-title":"Immune response to Leishmania infection","volume":"119","author":"Awasthi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20142389","article-title":"Complementary exams in the diagnosis of American tegumentary leishmaniasis","volume":"89","author":"Gomes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bras Dermatol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ofv184","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofv184","article-title":"Disseminated leishmaniasis by leishmania viannia subgenus: A series of 18 cases in 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