{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T03:21:13Z","timestamp":1793503273683,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by high metastatic potential and resistance to conventional therapies, representing a significant clinical challenge. Although nano albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-PTX) has demonstrated generally good treatment effect, the mechanisms underlying its enhanced therapeutic performance, particularly its potential immunomodulatory effects, remain unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Using both\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      TNBC models, we investigated the immunomodulatory effects of nab-PTX. Specifically, we evaluated its ability to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), activate dendritic cells (DCs) via the cGAS-STING signaling pathway, and influence CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T cell recruitment and infiltration within the tumor microenvironment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Treatment with nab-PTX induced ICD in TNBC cells was associated with enhanced activation of DCs through the cGAS-STING pathway. This activation was accompanied by improved antigen presentation and a significant increase in intratumoral CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T cell infiltration. Collectively, these immune alterations suggest that nab-PTX contributes to a more immunologically active tumor microenvironment, characterized by heightened T cell mediated immune engagement.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our study indicate that, beyond its direct cytotoxic effects, nab-PTX may exert anti-tumor activity in TNBC through modulation of the tumor immune microenvironment. By inducing ICD and promoting DCs activation, nab-PTX appears to support CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T cell recruitment, thereby potentially enhancing immune mediated tumor regression. This immunologically supportive role of nab-PTX highlights its potential value in strategies aimed at improving the efficacy of chemotherapy based or immunotherapy combined treatments in TNBC.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1765165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T06:54:25Z","timestamp":1771397665000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Albumin-bound paclitaxel drives a cytotoxic CD8+ T cell enriched immune microenvironment in triple negative breast cancer"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Daiqin","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University","place":["Guiyang, China"]},{"name":"Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University","place":["Guiyang, 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