{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T19:19:56Z","timestamp":1791227996946,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Neuro-Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease (NBD) is a severe neurological manifestation of Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease (BD), a multisystemic inflammatory vasculitis affecting multiple organs. NBD presents complex immunopathological features involving both innate and adaptive immune responses. CD39 (ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1, ENTPD1), an ectoenzyme expressed on various immune cells, has emerged as a critical regulator of inflammation through its role in hydrolyzing extracellular ATP to immunosuppressive adenosine. This mini-review explores the role of CD39 in modulating neuroinflammation in NBD, focusing on its function in immune cell subsets, its dual role in inflammation and regulation, and its potential as a therapeutic target. It synthesizes the role of CD39 in neuroinflammatory disorders, with a specific focus on Neuro-Beh\u00e7et\u2019s Disease (NBD). We examine the dual role of CD39 expression in driving inflammation and immune regulation, and highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1779249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T05:22:51Z","timestamp":1773033771000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["CD39 in the pathogenesis of neuro-Beh\u00e7et disease: is it an immune regulator marker?"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Khadija","family":"Bahrini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections, Institut Pasteur de Tunis","place":["Tunis, Tunisia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amani","family":"Stiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections, Institut Pasteur de 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