{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T06:09:58Z","timestamp":1778479798935,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dromedary camel bocavirus (DBoV) poses a threat to camel health, yet no vaccine is available.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using immunoinformatics, B-cell, CTL, and HTL epitopes from VP1\/VP2 were predicted. Four multi-epitope constructs (DBoV-A1 to A4) were designed with different adjuvants and evaluated in silico; DBoV-A2 and A4 were expressed, purified, and tested in BALB\/c mice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DBoV-A2 and A4 showed strong in silico binding to TLR9 and stable molecular dynamics. In mice, both induced significant IgG, IgM, IgA responses, Th1\/Th2 cytokine secretion, and CD4\u207a T cell expansion without organ toxicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The consistency between computational predictions and in vivo immunogenicity supports these constructs as promising DBoV vaccine candidates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1786028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T05:31:22Z","timestamp":1778477482000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Preparation of a multiepitope vaccine candidate for camel bocavirus and evaluation of its immunogenicity in a mouse 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