{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T05:11:01Z","timestamp":1778217061694,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fibrin-associated large B-cell lymphoma (FA-LBCL) is recognized as a distinct entity in the 5th edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of hematolymphoid tumors. It is a rare Epstein\u2013Barr virus (EBV)-positive B-cell neoplasm that develops in areas of chronic fibrin deposition, associated with (pseudo)cystic cavities, long-standing hematomas, myxomas, or prosthetic devices. Cystic lymphangiomatous lesions of the adrenal gland are uncommon. Benign lymphovascular abnormalities are typically asymptomatic, but can be detected incidentally and removed to exclude other conditions. This report describes an exceptionally rare case involving a 42-year-old woman diagnosed incidentally with FA-LBCL arising within cystic lymphangiomatous lesions of the adrenal gland. We present a detailed account of the cytomorphological, immunohistochemical, and molecular characteristics of this FA-LBCL case and provide a concise overview of this emerging lymphoma subtype.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1787193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T04:44:57Z","timestamp":1778215497000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Case Report: Fibrin-associated large B-cell lymphoma developing within a cystic lesion of the adrenal gland: unexpected guest"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Haneen","family":"Al-Maghrabi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center","place":["Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bayan Ali","family":"Alghamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, King Abdulaziz University Hospital","place":["Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","unstructured":"Hematolymphoid tumours\n          \n          \n          \n          2022"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/pas.0b013e3182515fb5","article-title":"Microscopic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) occurring in pseudocysts: do these tumors belong to the category of DLBCL associated with chronic inflammation","volume":"36","author":"Boroumand","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-019-6123-1","article-title":"Fibrin-associated large B-cell lymphoma: first case report within a cerebral artery aneurysm and literature review","volume":"19","author":"Zanelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-017-0463-3","article-title":"Fibrin-associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a hemorrhagic cranial arachnoid cyst","volume":"5","author":"Kirschenbaum","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1186\/s13000-020-01034-7","article-title":"Fibrin-associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with plasmacytic differentiation: case report and literature review","volume":"15","author":"Moreno","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diagn Pathol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000157747.10967.f4","article-title":"Metallic implant-associated lymphoma: a distinct subgroup of large B-cell lymphoma related to pyothorax-associated lymphoma","volume":"29","author":"Cheuk","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.32074\/1591-951x-944","article-title":"Fibrin associated large B-cell lymphoma accidentally identified in a breast implant capsule: a molecular report of a rare entity","volume":"116","author":"Scatena","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pathologica"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1097\/pas.0000000000000775","article-title":"Fibrin-associated EBV-positive large B-cell lymphoma: an indolent neoplasm with features distinct from diffuse large B-cell lymphoma associated with chronic inflammation","volume":"41","author":"Boyer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10668969231185078","article-title":"Fibrin-associated large B-cell lymphoma (FA-LBCL) involving solid organs as necrotic cystic lesions\u2014a rare entity with potential diagnostic pitfalls: a two-case series and review of the literature","volume":"32","author":"Jia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.155957","article-title":"Fibrin-associated large B-cell lymphoma arising in a cystic lymphangiomatous lesion of the adrenal gland: A case report and overview of the entity","volume":"270","author":"Kircher","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pathol Res Pract"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15082285","article-title":"Large B-Cell lymphomas in the 5th edition of the WHO-Classification of haematolymphoid neoplasms\u2014updated classification and new concepts","volume":"15","author":"Kurz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12113614","article-title":"A new face of fibrin-associated large B-Cell Lymphoma: Epstein\u2013Barr virus-positive breast implant-associated diffuse large B-Cell Lymphoma","volume":"12","author":"Martin de Bustamante","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1177\/10668969211014959","article-title":"Fibrin-associated, EBV-negative diffuse large B-cell lymphoma arising in atrial myxoma: expanding the spectrum of the entity","volume":"30","author":"Baugh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2024.152397","article-title":"From the archives of MD Anderson Cancer Center: EBV-positive fibrin-associated large B-cell lymphoma in an ovarian leiomyoma with cystic degeneration: A case report and discussion of differential diagnosis","volume":"74","author":"Louro","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann Diagn Pathol"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2009.168","article-title":"Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma associated with chronic inflammation as an incidental finding and new clinical scenarios","volume":"23","author":"Loong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2009.24.1893","article-title":"Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 \u03b1 expression predicts superior survival in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with R-CHOP","volume":"28","author":"Evens","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1097\/00125480-199701000-00024","article-title":"Production of the immunosuppressive cytokine interleukin-10 by Epstein-Barr-virus-expressing pyothorax-associated lymphoma: possible role in the development of overt lymphoma in immunocompetent hosts","volume":"150","author":"Kanno","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00125480-199701000-00024","article-title":"Interleukin-6-mediated growth enhancement of cell lines derived from pyothorax-associated lymphoma","volume":"75","author":"Kanno","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lab Investigation; A J Tech Methods Pathol"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2020.107264","article-title":"Fibrin-associate diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma arising in a left atrial myxoma: A case report and literature review","volume":"49","author":"Chu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Pathol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2020.252007","article-title":"Indolent EBV-positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder arising in a chronic pericardial hematoma: the T-cell counterpart of fibrin-associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma","volume":"105","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2022.03.007","article-title":"Cystic adrenal masses: spectrum of multimodality imaging features and pathological correlation","volume":"77","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.25112","article-title":"EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified: 2018 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification and management","author":"Castillo","year":"2018"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdl349","article-title":"Clinicopathological features of pyothorax-associated lymphoma; a retrospective survey involving 98 patients","volume":"18","author":"Narimatsu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1787193\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T04:45:15Z","timestamp":1778215515000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1787193\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]},"references-count":23,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1787193"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1787193","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]},"article-number":"1787193"}}