{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:32:07Z","timestamp":1792801927628,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":135,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>T lymphocytes, essential components of the adaptive immune system, orchestrate pathogen-specific responses and long-term immunological memory through heterogeneous subsets with distinct functional properties and spatial distributions. This comprehensive review delineates the origin, distribution, and functional specialization of long-lasting T cell subsets\u2014naive T cells (Tn), stem cell-like memory T cells (Tscm), central memory T cells (Tcm), effector memory T cells (Tem), and tissue-resident memory T cells (Trm)\u2014across physiological and pathological contexts, with a particular focus on aging and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We further dissect the complex intertwined mechanisms underlying immunosenescence and NSCLC pathogenesis. Elucidating how aging remodels T cell maintenance, tissue tropism and metabolic adaptation provides a conceptual framework for developing targeted therapeutic interventions against NSCLC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1788541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T06:03:41Z","timestamp":1784095421000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Distribution and function of human long-lasting T cells in aging and non-small cell lung cancer"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jia Xuan","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Sun Yat-Sen University, Ministry of Education, The Institute of Immunology of Zhong Shan Medical School, Sun Yat-Sen University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua Run","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hai","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Sun Yat-Sen University, Ministry of Education, The Institute of Immunology of Zhong Shan Medical School, Sun Yat-Sen University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm200010053431407","article-title":"T-cell function and migration. 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