{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T20:40:52Z","timestamp":1791492052591,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>We report a case of severe, irreversible transverse myelitis following CD19-directed CAR-T cell therapy (axicabtagene ciloleucel) for refractory post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) in a young female lung-transplant recipient. This case illustrates an emerging neurotoxic complication of CAR-T cell therapy and highlights convergent risk factors including demographics, tumor type and CAR construct. We discuss current evidence of CAR-T\u2013associated myelopathy, its proposed inflammatory and immune-trafficking mechanisms, and the potential contribution of interleukins and chemokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-18, CCL-2 and CXCL10 signaling to spinal cord injury. We further address diagnostic challenges, and review current management strategies such as corticosteroids, IL-1 blockade, and IL-6 neutralization. This report underscores the need for heightened vigilance, early imaging, and systematic reporting to improve prevention and treatment of this rare but severe CAR-T\u2013related neurotoxicity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1794535","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T05:44:08Z","timestamp":1775022248000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Case Report: Transverse myelitis following CAR-T cell therapy for post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Desbaillets","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL)","place":["Lausanne, Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana 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