{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T06:40:30Z","timestamp":1780555230558,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The continuous evolution of SARS-CoV-2 virus has led to the emergence of multiple Omicron descendants resistant to previously approved therapeutic antibodies. Therefore, cross-reactive antibodies to conserved neutralizing epitopes are urgently needed to protect immunocompromised patients and individuals at high risk of severe COVID-19. Here we report the characterization of 1p2B5, a single-domain antibody targeting N-terminal domain (NTD) of SARS-CoV-2 S protein. 1p2B5 exerts broad neutralizing activity against diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants. The Fc-fused form of the antibody demonstrates enhanced neutralizing potency\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    , inhibiting both the earliest and currently circulating subvariants with nanomolar activity. Systemic therapeutic administration of 1p2B5-Fc at a dose of 1 mg\/kg protects Syrian hamsters and hACE2-transgenic mice from challenge with evolutionarily distant SARS-CoV-2 variants. Our findings highlight the potential of NTD-specific monoclonal antibodies for prophylaxis and therapeutic intervention.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1799333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T06:43:34Z","timestamp":1774248214000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Broadly neutralizing single-domain antibody targeting the spike NTD displays therapeutic efficacy against diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Anastasia I.","family":"Korobkova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology of Bacteria, Federal State Budget Institution \u201cNational Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya\u201d of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina A.","family":"Favorskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacterial Infection Department, Federal State Budget Institution \u201cNational Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya\u201d of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inna V.","family":"Shuliakova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of the National Virus Collection, Federal State Budget Institution \u201cNational Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya\u201d of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna A.","family":"Iliukhina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of the National Virus Collection, Federal State Budget Institution \u201cNational Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya\u201d of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daria M.","family":"Grousova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of the National Virus Collection, Federal State Budget Institution \u201cNational Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya\u201d of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina A.","family":"Alekseeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology of Bacteria, Federal State Budget Institution \u201cNational Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya\u201d of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina I.","family":"Ryabova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology of Bacteria, Federal State Budget Institution \u201cNational Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya\u201d of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artem A.","family":"Derkaev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology of Bacteria, Federal State Budget Institution \u201cNational Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya\u201d of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentin V.","family":"Azizyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of the National Virus Collection, Federal State Budget Institution \u201cNational Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya\u201d of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilya D.","family":"Zorkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of the National Virus Collection, Federal State Budget Institution \u201cNational Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya\u201d of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina S.","family":"Dzharullaeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Microbiology Department, Federal State Budget Institution \u201cNational Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya\u201d of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir I.","family":"Tukhvatulin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Microbiology Department, Federal State Budget Institution \u201cNational Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya\u201d of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilias B.","family":"Esmagambetov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Federal State Budget Institution \u201cNational Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya\u201d of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladimir V.","family":"Prokofiev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology of Bacteria, Federal State Budget Institution \u201cNational Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya\u201d of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daria V.","family":"Voronina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology of Bacteria, Federal State Budget Institution \u201cNational Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya\u201d of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga V.","family":"Zubkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology of Bacteria, Federal State Budget Institution \u201cNational Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya\u201d of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dmitry V.","family":"Shcheblyakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology of Bacteria, Federal State Budget Institution \u201cNational Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya\u201d of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis Y.","family":"Logunov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Microbiology Department, Federal State Budget Institution \u201cNational Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. 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