{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T07:37:30Z","timestamp":1774251450087,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Concomitant existence of large vessel vasculitis (LVV) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rare but has gained increasing clinical and research attention. LVV, comprising Takayasu arteritis (TAK) and giant cell arteritis (GCA), is characterized by granulomatous inflammation of the aorta and its branches. Accumulating evidence demonstrates a substantial overlap between LVV and IBD in epidemiological patterns, genetic susceptibility loci, immune cell subsets, and proinflammatory cytokine networks, supporting shared immunopathogenic mechanisms. IBD, including Crohn\u2019s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disorder influenced by genetic predisposition and gut microbiota dyshomeostasis. Patients with concomitant LVV\u2013IBD exhibit heterogeneous and often insidious clinical presentations, with a predominance in young women, frequent multisystem involvement, and significant diagnostic challenges. Multimodal assessment incorporating imaging, endoscopy, and laboratory biomarkers is essential for early detection, although unified diagnostic criteria and disease-specific biomarkers remain lacking. Management requires careful balancing of intestinal and vascular disease control. Current therapeutic approaches include glucocorticoids, conventional immunosuppressants, and biologic agents, with anti-tumor necrosis factor therapies and other targeted agents showing benefit in selected refractory cases. Future multicenter, large-scale prospective studies are needed to refine diagnostic strategies, optimize treatment algorithms, and further elucidate shared immune-inflammatory pathways to improve long-term outcomes and enable precision therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1806045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T06:43:27Z","timestamp":1774248207000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Large vessel vasculitis combined with inflammatory bowel disease: epidemiology, shared pathogenesis, and therapeutic advances"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Minghao","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine","place":["Jinhua, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yiping","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine","place":["Jinhua, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yibing","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine","place":["Jinhua, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-021-00327-5","article-title":"Large-vessel vasculitis","volume":"7","author":"Pugh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-025-01309-7","article-title":"Advances in the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of Takayasu arteritis","volume":"21","author":"Sawalha","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2022-223429","article-title":"Treat-to-target recommendations in giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica","volume":"83","author":"Dejaco","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-060622-100940","article-title":"New therapeutic approaches to large-vessel vasculitis","volume":"75","author":"Kaymakci","year":"2024","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-025-01097-1","article-title":"The global burden of inflammatory bowel disease: from 2025 to 2045","volume":"22","author":"Kaplan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(23)02586-2","article-title":"Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"403","author":"Dolinger","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(23)00966-2","article-title":"Ulcerative colitis","volume":"402","author":"Le Berre","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0016-5085(76)80372-1","article-title":"Association of inflammatory bowel disease and large vascular lesions","volume":"71","author":"Yassinger","year":"1976","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.50.5406","article-title":"Rare case of Takayasu\u2019s arteritis associated with Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"50","author":"Kusunoki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8831867","article-title":"Coexistence of takayasu\u2019s arteritis in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"2021","author":"de Almeida Martins","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Res Pract"},{"key":"B11","article-title":"Extraintestinal complications in patients with ulcerative colitis","volume":"63","author":"Oshitani","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nihon Rinsho"},{"key":"B12","first-page":"85","article-title":"Association of Takayasu\u2019s arteritis and Crohn\u2019s disease. 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