{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T02:48:32Z","timestamp":1793155712896,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":157,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>During their development, progenitor T cells have to pass through a series of tolerogenic filters inside the thymus, which ensure the survival and developmental advancement of only those thymocytes which fruitfully recognize the host\u2019s own MHCs conjugated with non-self antigenic peptides. A set of microbial and host-derived biomolecules, called \u2018patterns\u2019, dynamically regulates the proficiency of this thymopoietic axis by a combination of thymocyte-extrinsic antigen presentation and thymocyte-intrinsic TCR signalling. Although well-characterized in terms of their impact on peripheral T cell tolerance, there is a lack of clarity regarding the influence of these patterns on the thymic tolerogenic checkpoints. From a clinical angle, this stands as a formidable weak point for the widely used immunosuppressive therapies against autoimmunity, which generically target these pattern recognition cascades. This review explores different aspects of the pattern recognition receptor-mediated regulation of key thymic events from an exclusively tolerogenic perspective, and unravels the mechanistic complexity underlying their impact on thymic tolerance. As the pattern recognition-mediated signalling cascades constitute a significant branch of the inflammatory network, inferences from this review elaborate a frequently overlooked collaboration between inflammation and self-tolerance; highlighting the need for potential therapeutic repurposing against autoimmune diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1814309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T05:42:38Z","timestamp":1780983758000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Multifaceted regulation of thymic tolerance by pattern recognition cascades"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Soumyadeep","family":"Mukherjee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of In Vitro Carcinogenesis and Cellular Chemotherapy, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute","place":["Kolkata, 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