{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T04:49:45Z","timestamp":1782103785018,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007547","name":"Fourth Military Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024LC2403"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024LC2403"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007547","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an\n                      <jats:italic>STK11\/LKB1<\/jats:italic>\n                      -mutated autosomal dominant disorder with gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyps and elevated cancer risk, but the role of mucosa-associated microbiota in PJS polyp pathogenesis remains unclear.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the mucosal microbial signatures, dysbiosis characteristics, and potential biomarkers in PJS polyps versus paired normal small intestinal mucosa.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A paired-sample design was adopted, enrolling 44 genetically confirmed PJS patients. Mucosa-associated microbiota was profiled via 5R 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Statistical analyses included Wilcoxon rank-sum test, ANOSIM, Spearman\u2019s correlation, and random forest modeling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Alpha diversity (Observed species, Chao1, Shannon) was markedly reduced in polyps (all P &amp;lt; 0.001), while Simpson index increased (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Beta diversity differed significantly between groups (ANOSIM, R = 0.0667, P = 0.002). Polyps were enriched in\n                      <jats:italic>Pseudomonadota<\/jats:italic>\n                      (70.00% vs. 49.51%, P &amp;lt; 0.001) and depleted in\n                      <jats:italic>Bacillota<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Bacteroidota<\/jats:italic>\n                      (both P &amp;lt; 0.001). Microbial dysbiosis index (MDI) was higher in polyps (P &amp;lt; 0.001). A 9-genera random forest model achieved AUC = 0.897.\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia-Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                      correlated with polyp number (P &amp;lt; 0.05), and\n                      <jats:italic>Enterococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      correlated with CA72\u20134 levels (P &amp;lt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PJS polyps exhibit significant mucosal microbial dysbiosis, which may serve as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for PJS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1817311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T04:36:09Z","timestamp":1782102969000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Distinct mucosa-associated microbiota signatures and dysbiosis in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome polyps versus paired normal mucosa"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Shuai","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Air Force Medical Center","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Air Force Medical Center","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chong-xi","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Air Force Medical Center","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhe-yi","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Air Force Medical Center","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Air Force Medical Center","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bai-rong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Air Force Medical Center","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shou-Bin","family":"Ning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Air Force Medical Center","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.725","article-title":"High cancer risk in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: a systematic review and surveillance 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