{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T06:07:49Z","timestamp":1788847669739,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to explore the relationship between dermatomyositis (DM) and thyroid cancer and the role of transcriptional intermediary factor 1\u03b3 (TIF-1\u03b3) in the pathogenesis of cancer-associated DM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five cases of DM with thyroid cancer, including one with metastasis, were summarized and analyzed. Published cases of DM with thyroid cancer were reviewed. Subsequently, a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between thyroid cancer and myositis using inverse-variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted-median (WM) analyses. Finally, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) analysis were performed to detect TIF-1\u03b3 in tumor tissues of a DM patient and a thyroid cancer patient without DM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This article reports the first case of a patient with DM and metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), in whom recurrence of the rash prompted the detection of metastasis, with the rash resolving after surgical resection of the metastatic foci. MR analysis showed a potential causal relationship between thyroid cancer and myositis (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.398; 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a01.045\u20131.869;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.029). A higher expression level of TIF-1\u03b3 was observed in tumor tissues of DM patients compared with those of thyroid cancer patients without DM by immunofluorescence (IF) analysis (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt;\u00a00.0001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DM symptoms might represent a paraneoplastic phenomenon in patients with thyroid cancer, with the underlying pathological mechanisms requiring further exploration and TIF-1\u03b3 overexpression potentially serving as a trigger.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1817558","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T05:35:25Z","timestamp":1788845725000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The TIF-1\u03b3 autoantigen in patients with dermatomyositis and thyroid cancer: from case series to preliminary mechanistic exploration"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Xiayan","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine","place":["Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yichi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University","place":["Haining, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zixuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics, Peking University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine","place":["Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruixia","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine","place":["Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingli","family":"Ouyang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine","place":["Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linrong","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine","place":["Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"]},{"name":"Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine","place":["Hangzhou, China"]},{"name":"Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongmei","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine","place":["Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2024.08.008","article-title":"Innovation in dermatomyositis","volume":"43","author":"Hashemi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-015-8511-x","article-title":"Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies and Malignancy: a comprehensive review","volume":"52","author":"Tiniakou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/bor.0000000000000742","article-title":"Myositis autoantibodies: recent perspectives","volume":"32","author":"Riddell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/wo.2020.94727","article-title":"The cancer immunotherapy environment may confound the utility of anti-TIF-1\u03b3 in differentiating between paraneoplastic and treatment-related dermatomyositis. 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