{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T06:03:33Z","timestamp":1784527413624,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the third most common cause of cardiovascular death. Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome (P-APS) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by thrombotic events and\/or obstetric complications in patients carrying antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) without autoimmune pathology. The prevalence of primary antiphospholipid syndrome (P-APS) in patients with VTE is approximately 9%. However, few studies have evaluated non-criteria antiphospholipid antibodies in the acute phase of VTE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the role of criteria and non-criteria antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with acute VTE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cohort of 181 patients with VTE was followed for 2 years. An age-matched control group of 181 healthy individuals was included for comparison.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Criteria aPL were detected in 8.8% of patients, whereas non-criteria aPL were present in 23.8%. Criteria aPL were independently associated with overall VTE (OR 7.09, p=0.021) and unprovoked VTE (OR 4.61, p=0.021). IgA anti-Beta2 Glycoprotein-1 antibodies (aB2GP1), detected in 16% of patients, were independently associated with VTE (OR 4.31, p=0.014) and unprovoked VTE (OR 3.78, p=0.006). Furthermore, IgA aB2GP1 positivity was also associated with more severe clinical presentation, defined by a Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index scale \u22653 (OR 3.13; p=0.048), and with the development of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (OR 5.7; p=0.008).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IgA aB2GP1 antibodies are independently associated with VTE, particularly unprovoked VTE, and with both severe pulmonary embolism, and subsequent chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1818399","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T05:34:22Z","timestamp":1784525662000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["IgA anti-\u03b22-glycoprotein I as an independent risk 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