{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T16:06:27Z","timestamp":1791648387225,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Spondyloarthritis (SpA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are interrelated, immune-mediated inflammatory diseases characterized by significant clinical heterogeneity. Early differential diagnosis, accurate disease activity assessment, and the development of personalized treatment strategies remain significant clinical challenges. Single-omics approaches have provided only a limited view of this complexity, highlighting the need for integrative strategies. This review systematically synthesizes findings from multi-omics studies\u2014including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and microbiomics\u2014in SpA and PsA. We focus on their application in three key areas: (i) elucidating shared and distinct immunopathological mechanisms, (ii) facilitating differential diagnosis, and (iii) discovering novel biomarkers. By comparing their molecular landscapes, we explore the shared and distinct immunological foundations of SpA and PsA. Furthermore, we critically evaluate the translational potential of integrated multi-omics strategies for advancing early diagnosis, precision monitoring, predicting treatment responses, and identifying novel therapeutic targets. This integrated, multi-omics framework promises to refine disease taxonomy and guide personalized therapeutic decisions, paving the way for precision medicine in SpA and PsA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1831823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T05:30:28Z","timestamp":1778477428000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Multi-omics insights into spondyloarthritis and psoriatic arthritis: integrating genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and the microbiome for immunological and clinical translation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Minshun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Lu\u2019an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine","place":["Lu\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renzhong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine","place":["Taizhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanbing","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","place":["Hefei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaping","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Lu\u2019an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine","place":["Lu\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kui","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","place":["Hefei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720X251357532","article-title":"Similarities and differences: disentangling the intersection between axial psoriatic arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis","volume":"17","author":"Torgutalp","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-025-01286-x","article-title":"Global epidemiology of spondyloarthritis","volume":"21","author":"Reveille","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-024-07290-y","article-title":"Association study of the HLA class I system with psoriatic arthritis in Southern Tunisia: a case-control study","volume":"44","author":"Maaloul","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-025-07655-x","article-title":"Prevalence of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) in patients treated for chronic back pain in chiropractic clinics: the oregon chiropractic axial spondyloarthritis study (ORCAS)","volume":"44","author":"Deodhar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2022-002592","article-title":"Peripheral spondyloarthritis and psoriatic arthritis sine psoriase: are we dealing with semantics or clinically meaningful differences","volume":"8","author":"Ziade","year":"2022","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-024-03018-9","article-title":"Differences between psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis in multi-omics","volume":"316","author":"Gao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11030549","article-title":"Metabolomics: an emerging approach to understand pathogenesis and to assess diagnosis and response to treatment in spondyloarthritis","volume":"11","author":"Rizzo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/25785826.2024.2388343","article-title":"Unraveling immune cell heterogeneity in autoimmune arthritis: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing","volume":"47","author":"Nakajima","year":"2024","journal-title":"Immunol Med"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108470","article-title":"Not your average joint: towards precision medicine in psoriatic arthritis","volume":"217","author":"Castillo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1080\/1744666X.2019.1706484","article-title":"Is precision medicine possible in rheumatic diseases? 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