{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T05:11:18Z","timestamp":1788930678962,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013076","name":"National Major Science and Technology Projects of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023ZD0502404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023ZD0502404"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013076","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No.82472229, No.82102244"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.82472229, No.82102244"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007219","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No.23ZR1440700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.23ZR1440700"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007219","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018625","name":"Science and Technology Innovation Plan Of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No.23JC1404204"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.23JC1404204"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018625","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017950","name":"Shanghai Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sepsis frequently induces intestinal barrier injury, which exacerbates systemic inflammation, and contributes to high mortality. Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are key regulators of mucosal immunity, yet their role in sepsis-associated intestinal injury remains incompletely understood. We found circulating ILCPs were reduced in patients with sepsis. In an LPS-induced murine sepsis model, colonic ILC3 numbers declined whereas the residual population showed increased frequencies of IL-22- and GM-CSF-producing cells. ROR\u03b3t-deficient mice exhibited impaired induction of colonic IL-22 and GM-CSF, increased intestinal permeability, and aggravated histopathological injury. Adoptive transfer of purified wild-type ILC3s restored colonic IL-22 and GM-CSF levels and partially improved barrier integrity. Mechanistically, septic ILC3s showed hypoxia-associated mitochondrial impairment and accumulation of mitochondrial ROS. increased mtROS contributed to enhanced NF-\u03baB p65 phosphorylation and selectively supported IL-22 and GM-CSF production. Recombinant IL-22 or GM-CSF ameliorated intestinal injury. However, ROS scavenging or NF-\u03baB inhibition increased ILC3 apoptosis, indicating that ROS-NF-\u03baB axis also supports residual ILC3 survival. Together, these findings identify a mitochondria-associated ROS-NF-\u03baB program that sustains protective cytokine production and survival in residual intestinal ILC3s during sepsis, although it is insufficient to prevent ongoing ILC3 loss and intestinal injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1843175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T04:45:35Z","timestamp":1788929135000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["mtROS-NF-\u03baB signaling supports ILC3 function and survival during sepsis-induced intestinal injury"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Limin","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine","place":["Shanghai, 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