{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T06:08:16Z","timestamp":1788761296038,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study evaluated the feasibility of dual-energy CT (DECT) for assessing the correlation between hydroxyproline (HYP) levels in lung tissue of patients with nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) and lung volume and pulmonary function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed 99 NSIP patients (51 cellular, 48 fibrotic) and 40 controls. All underwent DECT imaging. Lung HYP\u2011equivalent density (HYP\u2011ED) and volume were quantified using spectral post-processing. Pulmonary function parameters, including FVC% Pred and DLCO% Pred, were collected. Intergroup differences, correlations, and diagnostic performance were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Lung volume was higher in controls (3797.40 \u00b1 1155.68\u00a0cc) than in cellular (2796.88 \u00b1 334.03\u00a0cc) and fibrotic NSIP (2156.76 \u00b1 423.40\u00a0cc;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.001). HYP\u2011ED was lower in controls (206.29 \u00b1 22.40 mg\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) than in cellular (264.31 \u00b1 24.99 mg\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) and fibrotic NSIP (327.12 \u00b1 36.26 mg\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      ;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.001), and lower in cellular than fibrotic NSIP (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.001). FVC% Pred and DLCO% Pred were higher in cellular NSIP (75.98 \u00b1 4.07% and 69.96 \u00b1 4.41%) than in fibrotic NSIP (71.44 \u00b1 5.49% and 64.58 \u00b1 3.38%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.05). HYP\u2011ED content showed significant negative correlations with lung volume and pulmonary function (all\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.01). HYP\u2011ED demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance for distinguishing NSIP subtypes (AUC 0.977), with 91.8% sensitivity and 92.9% specificity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DECT enables noninvasive quantification of lung HYP-ED in NSIP. HYP\u2011ED correlates with disease severity and may serve as a promising imaging biomarker for fibrosis assessment and monitoring.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1862309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T05:33:44Z","timestamp":1788759224000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of dual-energy CT-derived quantitative parameters with hydroxyproline levels and pulmonary function in nonspecific interstitial pneumonia"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Zhenghua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University","place":["Kunming, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiashu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University","place":["Kunming, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University","place":["Kunming, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deyan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University","place":["Kunming, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University","place":["Kunming, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenyan","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University","place":["Kunming, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University","place":["Kunming, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinzhi","family":"Chenhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University","place":["Kunming, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daying","family":"Fen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University","place":["Kunming, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianqing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University","place":["Kunming, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University","place":["Kunming, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220210","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0210-2022","article-title":"Prevalence, imaging patterns and risk factors of interstitial lung disease in connective tissue disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Joy Greta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201308-1483st","article-title":"An official American Thoracic Society\/European Respiratory Society statement:update of the international multidisciplinary classification of the idiopathic interstitial 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