{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T06:30:01Z","timestamp":1787725801696,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Trigger finger (TF) is a common hand disorder traditionally viewed as a localized mechanical condition. Recent evidences suggests potential links between tenosynovial pathology and systemic inflammatory diseases, especially rheumatoid arthritis, though large-scale longitudinal data remain limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the TriNetX Global Collaborative Network. Adults diagnosed with TF between 2005 and 2018 were identified and compared with individuals undergoing routine health evaluations without TF. Patients with prior malignancy, systemic rheumatic diseases, or death before index were excluded. One-to-one propensity score matching balanced demographics, comorbidities, healthcare utilization, medications, and socioeconomic factors. The primary outcomes were incident systemic autoimmune and inflammatory rheumatic diseases, including inflammatory arthritis and connective tissue disorders. We estimated hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Robustness was assessed through sensitivity analyses incorporating alternative matching strategies, extended washout periods, varying follow-up durations, and stricter exposure definitions, alongside subgroup analyses by age and sex. As validation, data from US Collaborative Network were also applied for analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After matching, 82,566 patients were included in each cohort. TF was associated with increased risks of ankylosing spondylitis (HR 1.973, 95% CI 1.377\u20132.828), rheumatoid arthritis (HR 1.604, 95% CI 1.287\u20131.998), psoriatic arthritis (HR 1.832, 95% CI 1.428\u20132.352), and gout (HR 1.152, 95% CI 1.053\u20131.261). Elevated risks were also observed for systemic lupus erythematosus (HR 1.460, 95% CI 1.146\u20131.858) and Sj\u00f6gren syndrome (HR 1.314, 95% CI 1.077\u20131.604). Associations remained consistent across most sensitivity analyses, including extended washout periods and alternative cohort definitions. Subgroup analyses demonstrated similar patterns across age and sex strata.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TF was associated with systemic autoimmune and inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Current findings support a potential link between localized tendon pathology and broader systemic inflammatory processes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1872187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T05:57:40Z","timestamp":1787723860000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Trigger finger and the risk of systemic inflammatory and autoimmune rheumatic diseases: real-world evidence"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Zong-Han","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital","place":["Chia-Yi, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Jung","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedics Department, Chi-Mei Medical Center","place":["Tainan, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Ho","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital","place":["Chia-Yi, Taiwan"]},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University","place":["Tainan, Taiwan"]},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University","place":["Taipei, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Chin","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evidence-based Medicine Center, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital","place":["Taichung, Taiwan"]},{"name":"Library, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital","place":["Taichung, Taiwan"]},{"name":"School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University","place":["Taichung, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuo-Yan","family":"Gau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Allergology, Charit\u00e9-Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin","place":["Berlin, Germany"]},{"name":"Department and Graduate Institute of Business Administration, National Taiwan University","place":["Taipei, Taiwan"]},{"name":"Department of Medical Education, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital","place":["Chiayi, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.8481","article-title":"Common hand conditions: a review","volume":"327","author":"Currie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pin.12168","article-title":"Histopathology 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