{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T15:13:44Z","timestamp":1786115624467,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dupilumab is an effective treatment for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD), yet a substantial proportion of patients develop ocular complications collectively termed dupilumab-associated ocular surface disease (DAOSD). Despite multiple proposed mechanisms - including goblet cell depletion, mucin deficiency, Th1\/Th17 immune shifts, and microbiome alterations - no upstream epithelial cytokine marker has been clearly identified.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate whether plasma cytokines differ between AD patients treated with dupilumab who develop ocular complications and those without ocular involvement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Complex dermatological examination was performed in adult AD patients receiving dupilumab for \u226524 months. Plasma cytokines (IFN-\u03b3, TNF-\u03b1, IL\u221223, IL\u22122, IL\u221231, IL\u22126, IL\u221217A, IL\u221217E, IL\u221212p70, TSLP, IL\u22124, IL\u22125, IL\u221213, IL\u221210, IL\u221233) were quantified under unstimulated and PMA\/ionomycin\u2212stimulated conditions in winter and summer seasons. Differences between groups were assessed using non-parametric tests (Mann\u2013Whitney U test and Kolmogorov\u2013Smirnov test). To account for multiple comparisons across the large number of tested cytokines, false discovery rate (FDR) correction was performed using the Benjamini\u2013Hochberg procedure with a significance threshold of q = 0.05. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate biomarker potential to explore potential discriminative performance. AUC values were calculated using empirical (non-parametric) ROC analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During the summer period, stimulated thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) levels were nominally higher in patients with ocular complications compared with those without (p = 0.045). However, this difference did not remain statistically significant after FDR correction. In winter, stimulated TSLP showed a non-significant trend toward higher levels (p = 0.088). No other cytokines differed between groups. ROC analysis demonstrated moderate discriminative ability of stimulated TSLP (AUC 0.81 in summer; 0.70 in winter), although confidence intervals were wide.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stimulated TSLP may represent a preliminary observation requiring confirmation in dupilumab-treated AD patients with ocular complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1873001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T04:24:48Z","timestamp":1785990288000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The evaluation of cytokine profiles in atopic dermatitis patients treated with dupilumab: association with ocular complications"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jarmila","family":"\u010celakovsk\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University","place":["Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"\u010cerm\u00e1kov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biophysics, Medical Faculty of Charles University","place":["Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Boudkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University","place":["Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ctirad","family":"Andr\u00fds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University","place":["Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bjd\/ljae344","article-title":"Expert consensus on managing dupilumab-related ocular surface disorders in people with atopic dermatitis","volume":"191","author":"Ardern-Jones","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-025-01299-9","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and management of dupilumab-associated ocular surface disease in Japan","volume":"70","author":"Shoji","year":"2025","journal-title":"Jpn J 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airway","volume":"14","author":"Brister","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.07.010","article-title":"Thymic stromal lymphopoietin and allergic disease","volume":"130","author":"Ziegler","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241612725","article-title":"Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), its isoforms and the interplay with the epithelium in allergy and asthma","volume":"24","author":"Smolinska","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in 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