{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T10:57:10Z","timestamp":1791284230419,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite the prominent immune dysregulation in psoriasis, the organization of peripheral blood \u03b3\u03b4 T cell states remains incompletely defined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Here, we performed single-cell transcriptomic profiling of enriched peripheral blood-derived \u03b3\u03b4 T cells from healthy donors and patients with psoriasis. By integrating state annotation, inferred transcriptional ordering, ligand\u2013receptor communication, transcriptome\u2013inferred metabolite\u2013sensor communication, and regulatory network analyses, we constructed a circulating \u03b3\u03b4 T-cell state atlas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We identified eight \u03b3\u03b4 T-cell states. Within the resolution of this dataset, psoriasis-derived cells did not form a clearly separated disease-exclusive state; instead, disease-associated changes were mainly reflected by altered representation and transcriptional organization of pre-existing states, including reduced peripheral representation of a\n                      <jats:italic>CSMD1<\/jats:italic>\n                      -marked \u03b3\u03b4 T-cell state. Pseudotime analysis arranged \u03b3\u03b4 T cells along an inferred activation- and cytotoxicity-associated transcriptional continuum, with Naive-like cells at the lower-pseudotime region and cytotoxic effector-, NK-like-, cytotoxic memory-like-, terminal-branch-, and\n                      <jats:italic>CSMD1<\/jats:italic>\n                      -marked states toward higher-pseudotime regions. Psoriasis-derived \u03b3\u03b4 T cells were more frequent in cytotoxicity-related regions. This pattern suggests a shift toward effector states. In parallel, peripheral \u03b3\u03b4 T cell communication suggested cytotoxic-state-biased ligand\u2013receptor patterns, with rewiring of MIF-related and metabolic signaling and reduced network participation of\n                      <jats:italic>CSMD1<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u03b3\u03b4 T cells. Regulatory analyses further linked FOXP1, STAT1, and NFATC3 as candidate regulators associated with early-like, transitional\/\n                      <jats:italic>CSMD1<\/jats:italic>\n                      -marked, and cytotoxic-associated transcriptional states, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These findings support a state-resolved framework of circulating \u03b3\u03b4 T-cell remodeling in psoriasis and identify reduction and possible redistribution of a\n                      <jats:italic>CSMD1<\/jats:italic>\n                      -marked late-stage state as a feature of disease-associated immune remodeling.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1885325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T05:28:39Z","timestamp":1787203719000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Peripheral \u03b3\u03b4 T-cell remodeling in psoriasis is associated with effector-biased transcriptional organization and reduced representation of a circulating CSMD1-marked state"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Nanxi","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control, School of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Biomedical Translational 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Affiliated Hospital of Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Jinan University","place":["Zhuhai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guodong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Reconstruction, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University","place":["Heyuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqiao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suhua","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Guangdong Institute of Smart Education, Jinan University","place":["Guangzhou, 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