{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T06:30:52Z","timestamp":1786343452726,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Treatment-naive patients with advanced HIV infection may have incomplete immune reconstitution despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). We evaluated whether adjunctive albuvirtide (ABT) added to bictegravir\/emtricitabine\/tenofovir alafenamide (B\/F\/TAF) was associated with improved 24-week immune recovery and short-term safety.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This single-center retrospective cohort included adults with baseline CD4+ T-cell counts &amp;lt;200 cells\/\u03bcL who initiated ABT+B\/F\/TAF or B\/F\/TAF alone. Variable-ratio propensity score matching (up to 1:2) yielded 86 patients (33 receiving ABT+B\/F\/TAF and 53 receiving B\/F\/TAF). The primary endpoint was a composite of a CD4+ T-cell increase &amp;gt;150 cells\/\u03bcL and HIV RNA &amp;lt;50 copies\/mL at week 24. Secondary outcomes included virological suppression, changes in CD4+ T-cell count and CD4\/CD8 ratio, and documented adverse events. A multivariable sensitivity analysis was performed in the complete unmatched cohort (N\u00a0=\u00a0124).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The composite endpoint was achieved more frequently with ABT+B\/F\/TAF than with B\/F\/TAF alone (45.5% vs. 22.6%, P\u00a0=\u00a00.027). The median CD4+ T-cell increase was also greater (165 vs. 106 cells\/\u03bcL, P\u00a0=\u00a00.005). HIV RNA &amp;lt;20 copies\/mL occurred in 75.8% versus 54.7% of patients, but the difference did not meet the prespecified significance threshold (P\u00a0=\u00a00.050). In the complete cohort, ABT+B\/F\/TAF remained associated with immune recovery after multivariable adjustment (adjusted OR\u00a0=\u00a06.355, 95% CI: 1.539\u201326.244; P\u00a0=\u00a00.011). Documented adverse events were similar between groups (54.5% vs. 50.9%, P\u00a0=\u00a00.732). No Grade \u22653 adverse events, treatment-related adverse events, or adverse-event-related treatment modifications were documented.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adjunctive ABT was associated with greater short-term immune recovery without an apparent increase in documented adverse events. The retrospective design, limited matched sample, residual confounding, and 24-week follow-up preclude causal inference. These findings require confirmation in prospective randomized trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1900068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T06:15:06Z","timestamp":1786342506000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Adjunctive albuvirtide is associated with improved immune recovery in treatment-naive patients with advanced HIV disease receiving bictegravir\/emtricitabine\/tenofovir alafenamide: a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yingchun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Section 2, Department of Infectious Disease, Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu","place":["Chengdu, 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