{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T11:18:18Z","timestamp":1787743098176,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":201,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Autoimmune skin diseases exhibit chronicity and site-specific relapse that are not fully explained by genetic susceptibility or cytokine signaling alone. Emerging evidence suggests that epigenetic reprogramming of skin-resident immune cells contributes to disease persistence and recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a structured narrative review of the human literature by searching PubMed for studies published from database inception through March 1, 2026. The literature search was performed between February 1 and March 1, 2026 and focused on epigenetic mechanisms across major autoimmune dermatoses, including DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin accessibility, non-coding RNA regulation, and emerging single-cell and spatial epigenomic technologies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Current evidence suggests stable chromatin remodeling in keratinocytes and immune cells, including tissue-resident memory T cells, that persists after clinical resolution and may facilitate rapid disease reactivation. Environmental exposures further reinforce these epigenetic programs, contributing to disease heterogeneity, chronicity, and site-specific relapse.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Collectively, these findings are consistent with a model in which autoimmune skin diseases are maintained by maladaptive epigenetic memory. Although causal inference remains limited by the relative scarcity of cell-type\u2013resolved human epigenomic data and the predominance of cross-sectional studies, this framework suggests that achieving durable therapeutic remission may require reprogramming pathogenic chromatin states rather than solely suppressing inflammatory pathways.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1915200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T10:23:25Z","timestamp":1787739805000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Epigenetic reprogramming in autoimmune and immune-mediated skin disease"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Sophie M.","family":"Bilik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine","place":["Miami, FL, United States"]},{"name":"University of Miami Miller School of Medicine","place":["Miami, FL, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Garrett P.","family":"Kraft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine","place":["Miami, FL, United States"]},{"name":"University of Miami Miller School of Medicine","place":["Miami, FL, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabella","family":"Sharifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Miami Miller School of Medicine","place":["Miami, FL, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona M.","family":"Hanly-Jorda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Miami Miller School of Medicine","place":["Miami, FL, United 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