{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T08:55:38Z","timestamp":1790585738096,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":154,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a major subtype of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by a chronic, relapsing course. Its pathogenesis involves complex interactions among gut microbial dysbiosis, epithelial barrier disruption, dysregulated immune responses, and oxidative stress. Impairment of the intestinal mucosal barrier facilitates the translocation of luminal antigens, bacteria, and microbial metabolites into the mucosa, thereby aggravating local inflammation. Probiotics may help maintain barrier homeostasis by reshaping the gut microbial community, reinforcing epithelial and mucus barriers, modulating mucosal immunity, and reducing oxidative injury. This review summarizes recent evidence on the protective effects of probiotics, including\n                    <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp.,\n                    <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp., and\n                    <jats:italic>Akkermansia muciniphila<\/jats:italic>\n                    , on the intestinal mucosal barrier in UC. Current findings suggest that probiotics can inhibit pathogen adhesion and colonization, enhance the production of beneficial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids and tryptophan-derived compounds, and promote the expression of tight-junction proteins, including ZO-1, occludin, claudin-1, and claudin-4, as well as mucins such as MUC1 and MUC2. These effects may be mediated through the regulation of NF-\u03baB, NLRP3, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and related signaling pathways, thereby attenuating inflammation and oxidative stress and promoting epithelial repair. Combination strategies involving probiotics and prebiotics, traditional Chinese medicine-derived components, postbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, or novel delivery systems may improve microbial engraftment, enhance colon-targeted delivery, and strengthen microbiota remodeling and barrier repair. Nevertheless, the available evidence remains limited by substantial strain specificity, insufficient clinical validation, and the absence of standardized intervention protocols. Further multi-omics studies and well-designed clinical trials are warranted to clarify the efficacy, mechanisms, optimal dosing, and safety of these interventions in UC.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1943748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T08:04:32Z","timestamp":1790582672000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Research progress on intestinal probiotics-mediated protection of the intestinal mucosal barrier in ulcerative colitis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Guiping","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Shenzhen Hospital (Longgang)","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shurong","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.70779","article-title":"Risk of myeloproliferative neoplasms in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and impact on outcomes: A multi-centre matched analysis","volume":"64","author":"Eldesouki","year":"2026","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izag120","article-title":"Clinical features and therapeutic requirements of perianal disease in adult patients with ulcerative colitis: The PERICO study of the ENEIDA registry","volume":"21","author":"Guasch","year":"2026","journal-title":"Inflammation Bowel Dis"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjag052","article-title":"Intestinal ultrasound reliably predicts fecal loading in patients with ulcerative colitis","volume":"20","author":"Mathias","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2024.167648","article-title":"Biological agents as attractive targets for inflammatory bowel disease therapeutics","volume":"1871","author":"Xue","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjag074","article-title":"Histological activity predicts relapse in pediatric ulcerative colitis despite mucosal healing: A multicenter study from the pediatric IBD Porto group of ESPGHAN","volume":"20","author":"Trivi\u0107 Ma\u017eurani\u0107","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1389200221666200413125011","article-title":"AOX1 and XDH enzymes genotyping and its effect on clinical response to azathioprine in inflammatory bowel disease patients among Jordanian population","volume":"21","author":"Mahasneh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Drug Metab"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2174\/0113816128417113260325071230","article-title":"Emerging trends in targeted molecular therapies for inflammatory bowel disease: Biologics and small molecules","author":"Borra","year":"2026","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.06.002","article-title":"Visual theranostic oral nanozymes for IBD from principles to preclinical design","volume":"65","author":"Zuo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Bioact Mater"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103320","article-title":"Curcumin-loaded tetrahedral framework nucleic acids reshape intestinal homeostasis in ulcerative colitis by coordinating barrier repair, microbiota reconstruction, and immune modulation","volume":"39","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"Mater Today Bio"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1827426","article-title":"Gut microbiota metabolites in inflammatory bowel disease: Advances in mechanistic insights","volume":"17","author":"Liang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1511229","article-title":"Gut microbiota trigger host liver immune responses that affect drug-metabolising enzymes","volume":"15","author":"Rao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fmre.2024.01.018","article-title":"Gut microbiota-derived metabolites as novel therapies for inflammatory bowel diseases: Role of nuclear receptors","volume":"5","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Fundam Res"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crfs.2026.101418","article-title":"High-sugar and carrageenan-containing diets synergistically impair the intestinal mucosal barrier through the gut microbiota: In vitro and in vivo studies","volume":"12","author":"Gao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Curr Res Food Sci"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116947","article-title":"Dipsacoside B alleviates experimental colitis by reshaping gut microbiota and metabolically regulating the balance of macrophage polarization","volume":"185","author":"Niu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.70765","article-title":"A probiotic shield: Lactobacillus acidophilus immobilized in bacterial cellulose for a more sustainable release process and improved viability","volume":"106","author":"Eshkafti","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Sci Food Agric"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s13668-026-00781-1","article-title":"Effect of probiotics on the gut-mammary pathway: Implications on infant microbiota transfer and development","volume":"15","author":"Dimri","year":"2026","journal-title":"Curr Nutr Rep"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d6fo01106c","article-title":"Blueberry anthocyanin-pretreated Akkermansia muciniphila enhances probiotic efficacy against metabolic syndrome via gut microbiota remodeling and hepatic signaling modulation","volume":"17","author":"Du","year":"2026","journal-title":"Food Funct"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2026.2697574","article-title":"Parabacteroides distasonis alleviates Clostridioides difficile infection in mice while modulating secondary bile acids","volume":"17","author":"Zhao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2026.119630","article-title":"A bioactive lysate of Corynebacterium glutamicum orchestrates intestinal barrier repair mainly through L-arginine-mediated FOXO pathway","volume":"240","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Food Res Int"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-026-11113-8","article-title":"Bacillus coagulans BC66 attenuates Klebsiella pneumoniae-induced acute lung injury in rabbits associated with modulation of Th17\/Treg immune balance and through the Keap1\/Nrf2\/HO-1 signalling pathway","author":"Ma","year":"2026","journal-title":"Probiot Antimicrob Proteins"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2023.114966","article-title":"Native gastrointestinal mucus: Critical features and techniques for studying interactions with drugs, drug carriers, and bacteria","volume":"200","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv Drug Delivery Rev"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27104527","article-title":"Current understanding of probiotic strains and immune function: From gut microbiota to systemic immunity","volume":"27","author":"Szota","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202504784","article-title":"Covalent organic frameworks-delivered reuterin drives trained immunity in tumor-associated macrophages to enhance melanoma immunotherapy via glycerophospholipid metabolism","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv Sci"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157312","article-title":"Zhenqi Fuzheng Granule targets the SCFAs-GPR109A axis to enhance PD-1 antibody efficacy via immunometabolic remodeling in colorectal cancer","volume":"148","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox14010058","article-title":"Limosilactobacillus reuteri ZY15 alleviates intestinal inflammation and barrier dysfunction via AKT\/mTOR\/HIF-1\u03b1\/ROR\u03b3t\/IL-17 signaling and the gut microbiota in ETEC K88-challenged mice","volume":"14","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.04.004","article-title":"Epithelial barrier DUOX2 serves as early immune defense in intestinal pathogen control","volume":"19","author":"O'Mara","year":"2026","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1541-4337.70383","article-title":"Advances in dietary modulation of the intestinal barrier: Mechanistic, structural, and functional insights","volume":"25","author":"Zang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2026.157187","article-title":"Caffeic acid attenuates stress-induced colon inflammation and barrier disruption in Sprague-Dawley rats","volume":"205","author":"Mazumder","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-026-08984-8","article-title":"Impact of BECLIN1 haploinsufficiency on goblet cell function and susceptibility to colitis","volume":"17","author":"Juliani","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.117065","article-title":"Exploring the multi-barrier repair effects of Codonopsis pilosula water extract in improving rhubarb-induced intestinal dysfunction in mice based on the tryptophan metabolism-AhR pathway","volume":"186","author":"Wang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(24)00390-X","article-title":"The intestinal barrier: A pivotal role in health, inflammation, and cancer","volume":"10","author":"Neurath","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI183093","article-title":"NFAT5 dictates crosstalk between intestinal epithelial regenerative capacity and microbiota in murine colitis models","volume":"135","author":"Park","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158365","article-title":"Liandan Xiaoyan Formula ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis through altering the metabolism of bile acids by regulating the FXR-FGF15 signaling pathway","volume":"157","author":"Liu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.153514","article-title":"Torreya grandis polysaccharide alleviates acute lung injury via the lung-gut axis: Gut microbiota and immune regulation mechanisms","author":"Hu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/msystems.01589-25","article-title":"Akkermansia muciniphila alleviates experimental colitis through FXR-mediated repression of unspliced XBP1","volume":"11","author":"Bu","year":"2025","journal-title":"mSystems"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00026.2025","article-title":"Intestinal luminal anion transporters and their interplay with gut microbiome and inflammation","volume":"328","author":"Husain","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2025.5671","article-title":"Dysregulated programmed cell death of intestinal epithelial cells in ulcerative colitis: Molecular mechanisms and novel therapeutic interventions (Review)","volume":"56","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000223","article-title":"Human gut dendritic cells drive aberrant gut-specific t-cell responses in ulcerative colitis, characterized by increased IL-4 production and loss of IL-22 and IFN\u03b3","volume":"20","author":"Mann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Inflammation Bowel Dis"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2026.116975","article-title":"Swertiamarin promotes barrier function to alleviate ulcerative colitis by inducing autophagy via the PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR-signaling pathway","volume":"185","author":"Ma","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157162","article-title":"Protection against stroke-induced blood-brain barrier disruption by Guanxinning injection and its active-component combination via TLR4\/NF-\u03baB\/MMP9-mediated neuroinflammation","volume":"147","author":"Fan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.70651","article-title":"Mechanism of Gzma-mediated GEF-H1 activation in intestinal epithelial cells leading to intestinal barrier dysfunction in sepsis","volume":"16","author":"Lin","year":"2026","journal-title":"Clin Transl Med"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1996.1039","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of MUC2 synthesis in ulcerative colitis","volume":"224","author":"Tytgat","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.8662","article-title":"Bacterial translocation is linked to increased intestinal IFN-\u03b3, IL-4, IL-17, and mucin-2 in cholestatic rats","volume":"17","author":"Vega-Maga\u00f1a","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Hepatol"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1522271","article-title":"Ceftriaxone-associated dysbiosis decreases voriconazole bioavailability by upregulating intestinal P-glycoprotein expression through activation of the Nrf2-mediated signalling pathway","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S421446","article-title":"Huang Gan Formula alleviates systemic inflammation and uremia in adenine-induced chronic kidney disease rats may associate with modification of gut microbiota and colonic microenvironment","volume":"18","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/msystems.00194-26","article-title":"Sialidase inhibitor modulates gut microbiota and enhances mucosal protection in the treatment of ulcerative colitis","volume":"11","author":"Zhao","year":"2026","journal-title":"mSystems"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.70826","article-title":"Review article: The impact of the gut microbiome on ulcerative colitis pharmacotherapy","volume":"64","author":"Collins","year":"2026","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/jimr\/8677501","article-title":"Coordination between Treg cells and Bifidobacterium in the immune-bacterial network of human colostrum","volume":"2026","author":"Bermejo-Haro","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100371","article-title":"Postbiotic Lactobacillus sakei CVL-001 promotes mucosal tolerance via NOD2-dependent programming of tolerogenic CD11c+ antigen-presenting cells","volume":"19","author":"Kim","year":"2026","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2025.09.004","article-title":"Korean red ginseng extract suppresses food allergy by remodeling the gut microbiota and restoring immune homeostasis in IL4raF709 mice","volume":"49","author":"Choi","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Ginseng Res"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-023-03570-4","article-title":"Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli LF82 aggravated intestinal inflammation in colitis mice by affecting the gut microbiota and Th17\/Treg cell differentiation balance","volume":"205","author":"Sha","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch Microbiol"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2021.101030","article-title":"Heat stress aggravates intestinal inflammation through TLR4-NF-\u03baB signaling pathway in Ma chickens infected with Escherichia coli O157:H7","volume":"100","author":"Tang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/s42826-026-00283-9","article-title":"Exploring new animal models of ulcerative colitis: evaluating chemical and patient-derived microbial triggers to advance translational relevance","volume":"42","author":"Rynikova","year":"2026","journal-title":"Lab Anim Res"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-026-01358-4","article-title":"Daikenchuto ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute and chronic ulcerative colitis by regulating gut microbiota-derived indoles to activate AhR signaling","volume":"21","author":"Liang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Chin Med"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.116135","article-title":"Astragaloside IV alleviates ulcerative colitis via gut microbiota - butyrate metabolism axis to reshape Th17\/Treg balance","volume":"171","author":"Zhong","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5c25199","article-title":"Orally targeted cellulose acetate butyrate nanocarriers serve as a butyrate prodrug and quercetin delivery platform for synergistic microbiota-modulated colitis therapy","volume":"18","author":"Pan","year":"2026","journal-title":"ACS Appl Mater Interfaces"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S609110","article-title":"Microplastics, gut dysbiosis, and inflammatory pathways in ulcerative colitis","volume":"19","author":"Chen","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Inflammation Res"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.01104-25","article-title":"The expansion of culturable opportunistic pathogens and antibiotic resistance in mouse gut following antibiotic exposure","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(26)00081-6","article-title":"Barrier restoration as a therapeutic strategy for disorders of gut-brain interaction","volume":"11","author":"Britton","year":"2026","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2334","DOI":"10.3390\/foods15132334","article-title":"Acetic acid bacteria: Metabolic potential, technological applications and emerging probiotic functions","volume":"15","author":"G\u0142odo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2026.119607","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory and barrier-protective effects of metabolites from Lactobacillus co-fermentation with linoleic acid and human fecal microbiota","volume":"240","author":"Jin","year":"2026","journal-title":"Food Res Int"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-020-00159-3","article-title":"Intestinal release of biofilm-like microcolonies encased in calcium-pectinate beads increases probiotic properties of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei","volume":"6","author":"Heumann","year":"2020","journal-title":"NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1847505","article-title":"Lactococcus lactis ZB2 from Zhejiang fermented bamboo shoots enhance intestinal barrier and immune homeostasis in mice","volume":"17","author":"Xu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202505873","article-title":"A watermelon-like micro\/nano hierarchical delivery platform for ulcerative colitis by regulating redox homeostasis and remodeling gut microbiota","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv Healthc Mater"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1997.v113.pm9322519","article-title":"Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase ameliorates endotoxin-induced gut mucosal barrier dysfunction in rats","volume":"113","author":"Unno","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1860116","article-title":"Megasphaera elsdenii: From gastrointestinal functional symbiont to industrial biomanufacturing chassis","volume":"17","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5108","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27115108","article-title":"A probiotic mixture Neuralli\u2122-CORE attenuates DSS-induced colitis by enhancing gut microbiota resilience in mice","volume":"27","author":"Deng","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1541289","article-title":"Qing-Re-Hua-Shi decoction ameliorates DSS-induced colitis by modulating multiple signaling pathways and remodeling the gut microbiota and metabolite profile","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/s13568-022-01411-z","article-title":"Bifidobacterium BLa80 mitigates colitis by altering gut microbiota and alleviating inflammation","volume":"12","author":"Dong","year":"2022","journal-title":"AMB Express"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d2fo03263e","article-title":"Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis FJSYZ1M3 ameliorates DSS-induced colitis by maintaining the intestinal barrier, regulating inflammatory cytokines, and modifying gut microbiota","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Funct"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15376516.2026.2695156","article-title":"Toxic effects of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on the gut microenvironment and their potential association with colorectal cancer","volume":"3","author":"Tang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Toxicol Mech Methods"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20210778","article-title":"Gut microbiota-derived butyrate regulates gut mucus barrier repair by activating the macrophage\/WNT\/ERK signaling pathway","volume":"136","author":"Liang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.151318","article-title":"Alginate alleviates hyperuricemia by modulating the Pediococcus acidilactici LW1-1-butyrate-NLRP3 inflammasome axis","volume":"354","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crfs.2026.101354","article-title":"Clostridium butyricum-derived antimicrobial peptides remodel SCFA-producing gut symbionts to alleviate inflammation and enhance gut barrier integrity through microbial crosstalk","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Curr Res Food Sci"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-026-01078-5","article-title":"Peripartum hypophosphatemia is associated with a hindgut-centered microbiota-metabolite-host axis in transition dairy cows","author":"Yuan","year":"2026","journal-title":"NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41538-026-00968-4","article-title":"Sarcandra glabra alleviates intestinal injury via modulating gut microbiota and suppressing the IL-6\/SOCS3 signaling pathway","author":"Huang","year":"2026","journal-title":"NPJ Sci Food"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18111707","article-title":"Effects of dietary copper deficiency on colonic barrier integrity, inflammatory markers, and gut microbiota composition in mice","volume":"18","author":"Hu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0335942","article-title":"The protective role of Lactobacillus reuteri in a DSS-induced ulcerative colitis mouse model","volume":"20","author":"Nazari","year":"2025","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11376","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-45524-y","article-title":"Limosilactobacillus reuteri metabolites modulate immune pathways and intestinal barrier repair after 5 fluorouracil exposure","volume":"16","author":"Lasaviciute","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158130","article-title":"Ellagic acid alleviates ulcerative colitis in a GPR35-dependent manner associated with SDH restoration","volume":"155","author":"Xiang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-026-05416-0","article-title":"Personalized barrier recovery induced by Lactobacillus helveticus SBT2171 in an In Vitro model of ulcerative colitis-derived fecal supernatants","volume":"26","author":"Khademi","year":"2026","journal-title":"BMC Complement Med Ther"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-300971","article-title":"Probiotic and postbiotic activity in health and disease: comparison on a novel polarised ex-vivo organ culture model","volume":"61","author":"Tsilingiri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2026.2691334","article-title":"Mucin-derived sugars act as metabolic brakes controlling growth initiation in Akkermansia muciniphila","volume":"18","author":"Lakey","year":"2026","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-025-02284-7","article-title":"Commensal microbe-derived butyrate enhances T follicular helper cell function to boost mucosal vaccine efficacy","volume":"14","author":"Ko","year":"2026","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41538-026-00992-4","article-title":"Microbiota-dependent biotransformation of apiin drives butyrate-associated protection against colitis","author":"Guo","year":"2026","journal-title":"NPJ Sci Food"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.153370","article-title":"Lotus seed resistant starch alleviates OVA-induced food allergy in rats by promoting a Bifidobacterium-enriched gut microbiota and enhancing acetic acid production","volume":"374","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00265.2006","article-title":"The VSL#3 probiotic formula induces mucin gene expression and secretion in colonic epithelial cells","volume":"292","author":"Caballero-Franco","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.123326","article-title":"A synbiotic combination of Bifidobacterium longum Bif10 and Bifidobacterium breve Bif11, isomaltooligosaccharides and finger millet arabinoxylan prevents dextran sodium sulphate induced ulcerative colitis in mice","volume":"231","author":"Sharma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1300318110","article-title":"IL-22-producing neutrophils contribute to antimicrobial defense and restitution of colonic epithelial integrity during colitis","volume":"110","author":"Zindl","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.151462","article-title":"A sulfated polysaccharide from Laminaria japonica alleviated colitis via remodeling gut microbiota and promoting butyrate-mediated barrier repair","volume":"354","author":"Xiong","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d1fo02172a","article-title":"Akkermansia muciniphila and its outer protein Amuc_1100 regulates tryptophan metabolism in colitis","volume":"12","author":"Gu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Funct"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2025.08.017","article-title":"Metformin treatment protects mice from glucose-promoted psoriasiform dermatitis through enrichment of Akkermansia muciniphila with modulation of bacterial tryptophan metabolites","volume":"146","author":"Lai","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2258","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16099-7","article-title":"Photobiocatalytic synthesis of chiral secondary fatty alcohols from renewable unsaturated fatty acids","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.76598","article-title":"Hollow Cu2O nanozymes enhance probiotic therapy for colitis via redox homeostasis and TXNIP\/NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv Sci"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d1fo01860d","article-title":"Supplementation of Alhagi honey polysaccharides contributes to the improvement of the intestinal immunity regulating the structure of intestinal flora in mice","volume":"12","author":"Cai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Funct"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-026-01382-4","article-title":"Ethanol extract of Astragali Radix inhibits M1 macrophage polarization to alleviate ulcerative colitis by promoting Lactobacillus reuteri-produced indole-3-carboxaldehyde and formononetin","volume":"21","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Chin Med"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2025.124167","article-title":"YAP inactivated by NF-\u03baB p65, can protect against colonic epithelial cell pyroptosis in ulcerative colitis via transcriptionally regulating NLRP3","volume":"386","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1831258","article-title":"Beyond dysbiosis: Microbial metabolites as key remodelers of nasal mucosal immune tolerance in chronic rhinosinusitis","volume":"17","author":"Huang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5654","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-60969-x","article-title":"Elevated nitric oxide during colitis restrains GM-CSF production in ILC3 cells via suppressing an AhR-Cyp4f13-NF-\u03baB axis","volume":"16","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14348\/molcells.2014.0104","article-title":"Inflammasomes: Molecular regulation and implications for metabolic and cognitive diseases","volume":"37","author":"Choi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol Cells"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.72162","article-title":"Cod skin collagen peptides alleviate ulcerative colitis by regulating gut microbiota to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation","volume":"14","author":"Piao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Food Sci Nutr"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-026-04804-x","article-title":"Probiotic and immune-modulatory capacities of three human gut-derived strains of Parabacteroides distasonis","volume":"208","author":"Shamsuzzaman","year":"2026","journal-title":"Arch Microbiol"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.72074","article-title":"Preventive effects of Crataegus monogyna fruit extract on oxidative damage and inflammatory response in a rat model of acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis","volume":"14","author":"Wahabi","year":"2026","journal-title":"Food Sci Nutr"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202408205","article-title":"L-arginine-modified selenium nanozymes targeting M1 macrophages for oral treatment of ulcerative colitis","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.4c14291","article-title":"Multifunctional MnGA nanozymes for the treatment of ulcerative colitis by reducing intestinal inflammation and regulating the intestinal flora","volume":"16","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl Mater Interfaces"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2004.061168","article-title":"Acute induction of human IL-8 production by intestinal epithelium triggers neutrophil infiltration without mucosal injury","volume":"54","author":"Kucharzik","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13547","article-title":"Fc\u03b3 RIIb protects from reperfusion injury by controlling antibody and type I IFN-mediated tissue injury and death","volume":"167","author":"de Brito","year":"2022","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158039","article-title":"Dehydroandrographolide succinate alleviates ulcerative colitis via regulating RAB9A\/NF-\u03baB axis-mediated macrophage polarization and remodeling the gut microbiota","volume":"155","author":"Liu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2025.105911","article-title":"Dietary supplementation with blended essential oils improves meat quality of broilers through SCFA-mediated gut-muscle axis","volume":"104","author":"Malhi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-026-00542-8","article-title":"Bacteroides coprocola protects dopaminergic neurons in rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease mouse model by modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis and inhibiting the NLRP3 signaling pathway","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Transl Neurodegener"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2024.13313","article-title":"Indole-3-propionic acid alleviates intestinal epithelial cell injury via regulation of the TLR4\/NF-\u03baB pathway to improve intestinal barrier function","volume":"30","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.70209","article-title":"Oral administration of low-molecular-weight heparin ameliorates colitis by enhancing the gut mucus barrier via microbial tryptophan metabolites","volume":"183","author":"Zheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S2090","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2026.02.015","article-title":"Prebiotic augmented nanozyme-armored probiotics reprogramme the gut microenvironment for synchronous treatment of colitis and sepsis via antioxidant defense","author":"Sun","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Adv Res"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smmd.70044","article-title":"Regenerative microbiology: Harnessing bacterial antagonism and spatiotemporal signaling for diabetic wound repair","volume":"5","author":"Sanabani","year":"2026","journal-title":"Smart Med"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-018-9391-1","article-title":"Strain-specific quantification of native probiotic Bacillus spp. and their effect on liver function and gut microflora of experimental rats","volume":"11","author":"Shobharani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Probiot Antimicrob Proteins"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16512235.2017.1378061","article-title":"Simulating colonic survival of probiotics in single-strain products compared to multi-strain products","volume":"28","author":"Forssten","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microb Ecol Health Dis"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135609","article-title":"Can microbial biomass deliver the techno-functional properties required for more sustainable, animal-free foods? A quantitative synthesis linking microbial biomass type, processing, and techno-functionality","volume":"462","author":"Pereira","year":"2026","journal-title":"Bioresour Technol"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.152406","article-title":"Glycoside hydrolase-mediated utilization of Poria cocos polysaccharide enriches Lactobacillus gasseri and activates the AhR-IL-22 axis to attenuate DSS-induced colitis","volume":"366","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.70183","article-title":"A probiotic combination of Limosilactobacillus reuteri and Clostridium butyricum ameliorates 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis in rats by strengthening barrier integrity and modulating immuno-microbial homeostasis","volume":"241","author":"Leong","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2026.1724829","article-title":"Bifidobacterium supplementation maintains gut microbiota stability and enhances well-being during short-term travel","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.03509-23","article-title":"Both viable Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis B8762 and heat-killed cells alleviate the intestinal inflammation of DSS-induced IBD rats","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.3390\/foods9030348","article-title":"Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis ATCC 15697 and goat milk oligosaccharides show synergism in vitro as anti-infectives against Campylobacter jejuni","volume":"9","author":"Quinn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20211938","article-title":"Intelectin-1 binds and alters the localization of the mucus barrier-modifying bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila","volume":"220","author":"Matute","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-025-03158-8","article-title":"Real-world of Limosilactobacillus reuteri in mitigation of acute experimental colitis","volume":"23","author":"Yue","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124808","article-title":"The Akkermansia muciniphila-tryptophan metabolism-aromatic hydrocarbon receptor axis mediates the protective effect of Schisandra chinensis pectin polysaccharide against colitis","volume":"375","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Carbohydr Polym"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14194176","article-title":"Parabacteroides distasonis properties linked to the selection of new biotherapeutics","volume":"14","author":"Chamarande","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9092104","article-title":"In vitro characterization of gut microbiota-derived commensal strains: Selection of Parabacteroides distasonis strains alleviating TNBS-induced colitis in mice","volume":"9","author":"Cuffaro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md20120764","article-title":"Polysaccharide from edible alga Enteromorpha clathrata improves ulcerative colitis in association with increased abundance of Parabacteroides spp. in the gut microbiota of dextran sulfate sodium-fed mice","volume":"20","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mar Drugs"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1446924","article-title":"Effect of Morchella esculenta polysaccharides on the rectal microbiota of mice challenged with lipopolysaccharides","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1641767","article-title":"Determinants of complementary and integrative medicine use in inflammatory bowel disease: A focus on probiotics, prebiotics, and fermentable dietary fibres","volume":"12","author":"Keshteli","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d5fo02391b","article-title":"Synergistic protective effects of \u03b2-glucan and Lactobacillus johnsonii NSP009 in ulcerative colitis","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Funct"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gastro\/goag062","article-title":"Biotic therapies for irritable bowel syndrome: Current interventions","volume":"14","author":"Wodarczyk","year":"2026","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Rep"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1738123","article-title":"Anti-GPV activity of Lactobacillus-fermented traditional Chinese medicines","volume":"17","author":"Chen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.259","article-title":"Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi polysaccharide ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by improving intestinal barrier function and modulating gut microbiota","volume":"166","author":"Cui","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.156173","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory oligosaccharide licensed mesenchymal stem cells allow prolonged survival of septic rats via the promotion of glutathione synthesis","volume":"135","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122297","article-title":"Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk.: A review of botany, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, toxicology, and quality control","volume":"373","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-026-00722-7","article-title":"Synergistic intervention for obesity: Integrating central appetite regulation and peripheral energy expenditure","volume":"15","author":"Xie","year":"2026","journal-title":"Curr Obes Rep"},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v32.i1.115543","article-title":"Herbal medicine beyond probiotics: Yiyi Fuzi Baijiang powder and the holistic regulation of gut microbiota in ulcerative colitis","volume":"32","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.150820","article-title":"Polysaccharide structural differences in Shenling Baizhu formulations and their therapeutic effects in ulcerative colitis and irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"348","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120824","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory activity and mechanism of action of Banxia Xiexin decoction on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice","volume":"356","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136687","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13020225","article-title":"Wheat bran polyphenols ameliorate DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice by suppressing MAPK\/NF-\u03baB inflammasome pathways and regulating intestinal microbiota","volume":"13","author":"Wen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202500548","article-title":"Membrane vesicles from Lacticaseibacillus casei BL23 exhibit antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and immunostimulatory effects on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells","volume":"15","author":"D'Antoni","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv Healthc Mater"},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2026.150253","article-title":"Molecular crosstalk of probiotics in gut health: A chemical perspective on metabolite-mediated pathways","volume":"524","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14183671","article-title":"Bifidobacterium breve alleviates DSS-induced colitis in mice by maintaining the mucosal and epithelial barriers and modulating gut microbes","volume":"14","author":"Niu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers18152486","article-title":"Postbiotics against breast cancer: A narrative review bridging preclinical evidence with potential clinical application","volume":"18","author":"Luongo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods15122131","article-title":"Storage stability of a multifunctional fermented blend based on Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) oil press cake and yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) flour: Physicochemical properties, bioactivity, and prebiotic-probiotic potential","volume":"15","author":"Campos","year":"2026","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpha.2026.101642","article-title":"Chemical characterization of aconite polysaccharide and its ameliorative effect on ulcerative colitis by regulating gut microbiota and THDCA-driven TGR5\/cAMP\/PKA\/NLRP3 pathway","volume":"16","author":"Cheng","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Pharm Anal"},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1888117","article-title":"Fecal microbiota transplantation in ulcerative colitis: Mucosal immune mechanisms and precision microbiota therapy","volume":"17","author":"Lu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6c06780","article-title":"An adaptive in situ biointerfacial armoring platform for long-term gut microbiota modulation","volume":"20","author":"Ye","year":"2026","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v27.i39.6715","article-title":"Microbiota shaping - the effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplant on cognitive functions: A systematic review","volume":"27","author":"Baldi","year":"2021","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/25424823261436287","article-title":"Microbiome alterations in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review of current evidence and global perspectives","volume":"10","author":"Oso","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis Rep"},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2024.122564","article-title":"Microfluidic-based multifunctional microspheres for enhanced oral co-delivery of probiotics and postbiotics","volume":"308","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202309972","article-title":"A gas therapy strategy for intestinal flora regulation and colitis treatment by nanogel-based multistage NO delivery microcapsules","volume":"36","author":"Fu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv Mater"},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2026.126963","article-title":"Immune cell-targeted nanocarrier delivery systems for inflammatory bowel disease therapy: mechanisms and strategies","volume":"698","author":"Tang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1943748\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T08:04:33Z","timestamp":1790582673000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1943748\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"references-count":154,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1943748"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1943748","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"article-number":"1943748"}}