{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T05:20:31Z","timestamp":1787721631251,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Largemouth bass ranavirus (LMBV) and\n                    <jats:italic>Nocardia seriolae<\/jats:italic>\n                    are major pathogens affecting largemouth bass (\n                    <jats:italic>Micropterus salmoides<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), causing significant economic losses. In this study, recombinant yeasts expressing the fibronectin-binding protein A (FHA) of\n                    <jats:italic>N. seriolae<\/jats:italic>\n                    or the major capsid protein (MCP) of LMBV were constructed using the yeast surface display (YSD) system. Based on these recombinant strains, a bivalent oral yeast-based vaccine was developed and its protective efficacy was systematically evaluated. Oral administration of the vaccine induced specific antibodies against FHA and MCP in serum, as well as increased the transcription levels of adaptive immune genes (\n                    <jats:italic>IgM<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>IgT<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>MHC-II<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and innate immune genes (\n                    <jats:italic>IL-1\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>TNF-\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>IFN-1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Mx2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) in the hindgut, liver, and spleen. Importantly, the bivalent oral vaccine provided significant protection against both pathogens in largemouth bass, with relative percent survival (RPS) values of 56.7% against\n                    <jats:italic>N. seriolae<\/jats:italic>\n                    and 63.3% against LMBV. Meanwhile, the oral vaccine reduced pathogen loads and alleviated histopathological lesions. In summary, these findings suggest that the bivalent oral vaccine developed in this study could serve as a promising strategy for controlling\n                    <jats:italic>N. seriolae<\/jats:italic>\n                    and LMBV infections in largemouth bass aquaculture.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1947573","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T04:50:21Z","timestamp":1787719821000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A bivalent oral yeast vaccine displaying Nocardia seriolae FHA and LMBV MCP confers protection in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jianfei","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University","place":["Ningbo, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University","place":["Ningbo, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boge","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University","place":["Ningbo, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University","place":["Ningbo, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengzhen","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University","place":["Ningbo, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University","place":["Ningbo, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University","place":["Ningbo, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University","place":["Ningbo, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/raq.12865","article-title":"Innovation and development of the aquaculture nutrition research and feed industry in China","volume":"16","author":"Bu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rev Aquacult"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2024.109976","article-title":"Updates on infectious diseases of largemouth bass: A major 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