{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:21:02Z","timestamp":1792095662374,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":143,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Insect Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The genus <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium<\/jats:italic> is a key component of the honey bee gut microbiota, playing a fundamental role in maintaining host health and colony well-being. Alongside other core genera such as <jats:italic>Bombilactobacillus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Gilliamella<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Snodgrassella<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium<\/jats:italic> contributes to essential functions including nutrient digestion, immune modulation, and protection against pathogens. Among threats to honey bee health, Chalkbrood disease, caused by fungus <jats:italic>Ascosphaera apis<\/jats:italic>, remains a major concern due to detrimental effects on colony strength and honey yield.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We characterized enzymatic activity and carbohydrate assimilation of nine <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium<\/jats:italic> strains isolated from the honey bee intestinal tract. In parallel, we assessed antifungal potential against <jats:italic>A. apis<\/jats:italic> strains, focusing on volatile organic compounds (VOCs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results and discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Notably, <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium asteroides<\/jats:italic> 3CP-2B exhibited enzymatic capabilities supporting digestive functions and metabolism of sugars potentially harmful to honey bees. This strain showed marked antifungal activity against <jats:italic>A. apis<\/jats:italic>, mediated by volatile and non-volatile bioactive metabolites. Among VOCs identified, propanoic acid, ethanol, acetic acid, ethyl propionate, and 1-propanol were the most prominent compounds associated with the antifungal effect.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/finsc.2025.1669013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T05:52:00Z","timestamp":1759297920000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Ascosphaera apis as a target for the antifungal activity of symbiotic Bifidobacteria in honey 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