{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T19:34:03Z","timestamp":1778528043498,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Insect Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ticks are hematophagous ectoparasites that must overcome significant physiological challenges during blood feeding. These include managing oxidative stress, detoxifying host-derived molecules, and reallocating energy to support digestion, tissue remodeling, and reproduction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this study, we conducted a\n                      <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic>\n                      transcriptome assembly and genome-wide transcriptional profiling of female\n                      <jats:italic>Ixodes persulcatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      ticks at three key feeding stages: unfed, semi-engorged, and fully engorged. Functional annotation and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses were conducted to characterize stage-associated transcriptional changes, with a focus on metabolic detoxification and antioxidant systems.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results and discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We generated a reference transcriptome containing 56,900 unigenes. Comprehensive analyses of metabolic detoxification and antioxidant systems revealed species-specific expansions in key supergene families such as cytochrome P450s and glutathione S-transferases. The expression profiles across feeding stages revealed pronounced physiological changes in response to blood meal, and GO enrichment analysis showed that these changes were mainly involved in blood acquisition, nutrient metabolism, respiratory processes, hormone synthesis, egg development, immune responses, ROS detoxification, transcription and translation. These findings offer new insights into the molecular physiology of tick hematophagy and provide a valuable resource for future studies on stress responses and metabolic regulation in ticks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/finsc.2026.1669026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T10:42:12Z","timestamp":1771843332000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Blood feeding-induced transcriptomic changes in the hard tick Ixodes persulcatus"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Yihan","family":"Lou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Testing and Inspection, Jinhua Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Jinhua, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenwu","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuanxi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haijun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"X. Frank","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine","place":["Indianapolis, IN, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuechao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhangnv","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmp1807870","article-title":"Tickborne diseases \u2014 Confronting a growing threat","volume":"379","author":"Paules","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12101258","article-title":"Perception of ticks and tick-borne diseases worldwide","volume":"12","author":"Fuente","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6717e1","article-title":"Vital signs: trends in reported vectorborne disease cases \u2014 United states and territories 2004\u20132016","volume":"67","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.001206","article-title":"Emerging tick-borne pathogens of public health importance:\u00a0a\u00a0mini-review","volume":"69","author":"Rochlin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Meed. 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