{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:17:07Z","timestamp":1787026627584,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Insect Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The Siberian silk moth\n                      <jats:italic>Dendrolimus sibiricus<\/jats:italic>\n                      is a major boreal defoliator whose outbreak dynamics vary with the proportion of larvae following 1-year versus 2-year life cycles, yet the physiological basis of this ontogenetic variability remains unclear.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We generated tissue-specific RNA sequencing datasets from male and female larvae expressing 1-year or 2-year life cycles, dissected into head, gut, and fat body tissue sets (49 libraries), and quantified life-cycle effects using principal component analysis and differential expression with functional enrichment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Across tissue sets, transcriptomic profiles were structured primarily by life cycle and secondarily by sex, with the clearest sex-dependent signal confined to gut tissues. The 2-year life-cycle trajectory was characterized by broad down-regulation of genes associated with growth and anabolic metabolism, and up-regulation of stress tolerance, catabolic remodeling, proteasome-related functions, and detoxification modules.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In\n                      <jats:italic>D. sibiricus<\/jats:italic>\n                      larvae expressing the 2-year life cycle, transcriptomic patterns indicate that the prolonged larval development underlying this trajectory is associated with a diapause-like state, based on similarities to diapause-associated molecular patterns described in other insects. Laboratory manipulations of larval density, food deprivation, and host plant species did not induce a switch to the 2-year life cycle, suggesting that life-cycle determination depends on more complex cue integration and\/or environmental history. Together, these results identify candidate molecular signatures of life-cycle state in\n                      <jats:italic>D. sibiricus<\/jats:italic>\n                      and provide a foundation for future studies of life-cycle regulation in this species.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/finsc.2026.1768865","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T05:43:39Z","timestamp":1779342219000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Ontogenetic variability of the Siberian silk moth, Dendrolimus sibiricus"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Y. B.","family":"Akhanaev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sirius University","place":["Sochi, Russia"]},{"name":"Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals","place":["Novosibirsk, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. E.","family":"Yakimova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sirius University","place":["Sochi, Russia"]},{"name":"Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals","place":["Novosibirsk, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. V.","family":"Pavlushin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sirius University","place":["Sochi, Russia"]},{"name":"Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals","place":["Novosibirsk, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. D.","family":"Kharlamova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals","place":["Novosibirsk, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. V.","family":"Kolosov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology \u201cVECTOR\u201d","place":["Novosibirsk, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. A.","family":"Ageev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All-Russian Research Institute of Forestry and Forestry Mechanization (VNIILM), \u201cForest Pyrology Center\u201d","place":["Krasnoyarsk, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N. I.","family":"Ershov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sirius University","place":["Sochi, Russia"]},{"name":"Institute of Cytology and Genetics","place":["Novosibirsk, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V. V.","family":"Martemyanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sirius University","place":["Sochi, Russia"]},{"name":"Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals","place":["Novosibirsk, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","article-title":"Pest survey card on Dendrolimus sibiricus (Siberian silk moth) [Online","volume-title":"ArcGIS storyMaps","year":"2023"},{"key":"B2","first-page":"175","volume-title":"The siberian silk moth","author":"Rozhkov","year":"1963"},{"key":"B3","article-title":"Siberian moth \u2013 a relentless modifier of taiga forest ecosystems in northern Asia","author":"Baranchikov","year":"2011"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5589\/m02-094","article-title":"Landsat-based analysis of insect outbreaks in southern Siberia","volume":"29","author":"Kharuk","year":"2003","journal-title":"Can J Remote 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