{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T20:31:24Z","timestamp":1784752284325,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,22]],"date-time":"2020-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.00001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,22]],"date-time":"2020-01-22T05:39:07Z","timestamp":1579671547000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Early Sirolimus Gel Treatment May Diminish Angiofibromas and Prevent Angiofibroma Recurrence in Children With Tuberous Sclerosis Complex"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Tohru","family":"Okanishi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayataka","family":"Fujimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideo","family":"Enoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaaki","family":"Ogai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e166","DOI":"10.3928\/19382359-20170320-01","article-title":"Tuberous sclerosis complex: a review","volume":"46","author":"Randle","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Ann"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16035","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.35","article-title":"Tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"2","author":"Henske","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1159\/000211721","article-title":"Zur Pathologie und pathologischen anatomie der verschiedenen idiotieformen. II. Tuber\u00f6se Sklerose","volume":"24","author":"Vogt","year":"1908","journal-title":"Mschr Psychiat Neurol"},{"key":"B4","article-title":"Tuberous Sclerosis","author":"Gomez","year":"1979"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2013.08.001","article-title":"International Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Consensus Group. Tuberous sclerosis complex diagnostic criteria update: recommendations of the 2012 International Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Consensus Conference","volume":"49","author":"Northrup","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.13264","article-title":"Dermatological manifestations of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC)","volume":"15","author":"Ebrahimi-Fakhari","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e63910","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063910","article-title":"Trends in the prevalence of tuberous sclerosis complex manifestations: an epidemiological study of 166 Japanese patients","volume":"8","author":"Wataya-Kaneda","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2018.1408","article-title":"Sirolimus gel treatment vs. placebo for facial angiofibromas in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"154","author":"Wataya-Kaneda","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2008.08677.x","article-title":"The mTOR inhibitor rapamycin significantly improves facial angiofibroma lesions in a patient with tuberous sclerosis","volume":"159","author":"Hofbauer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12567","article-title":"First left-right comparative study of topical rapamycin vs. vehicle for facial angiofibromas in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"169","author":"Tanaka","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2016.3545","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of topical sirolimus therapy for facial angiofibromas in the tuberous sclerosis complex: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"153","author":"Wataya-Kaneda","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2018.0464","article-title":"TREATMENT Trial Collaborators. Efficacy and safety of topical rapamycin in patients with facial angiofibromas secondary to tuberous sclerosis complex: the TREATMENT randomized clinical trial","volume":"154","author":"Koenig","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.2165\/11634580-000000000-00000","article-title":"Topical rapamycin therapy to alleviate the cutaneous manifestations of tuberous sclerosis complex: a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial to evaluate the safety, and efficacy of topically applied rapamycin","volume":"12","author":"Koenig","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drugs R D"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1159\/000489089","article-title":"Comparative effects of topical 0.2% sirolimus for angiofibromas in adults and pediatric patients with tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"234","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12665","article-title":"Analysis of current data on the use of topical rapamycin in the treatment of facial angiofibromas in tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"29","author":"Balestri","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1111\/ajd.12125","article-title":"Topical rapamycin for angiofibromas in paediatric patients with tuberous sclerosis: follow up of a pilot study and promising future directions","volume":"55","author":"Tu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Australas J Dermatol"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.12398","article-title":"Facial Angiofibroma Severity Index (FASI): reliability assessment of a new tool developed to measure severity and responsiveness to therapy in tuberous sclerosis-associated facial angiofibroma","volume":"39","author":"Salido-Vallejo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2014.4298","article-title":"Clinical and histologic analysis of the efficacy of topical rapamycin therapy against hypomelanotic macules in tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"151","author":"Wataya-Kaneda","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.12.027","article-title":"Fibrous cephalic plaques in tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"78","author":"Oyerinde","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fmed.2020.00001\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,22]],"date-time":"2020-01-22T05:39:09Z","timestamp":1579671549000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fmed.2020.00001\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,22]]},"references-count":19,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2020.00001"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2020.00001","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,22]]},"article-number":"1"}}