{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T18:15:05Z","timestamp":1774289705055,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]],"date-time":"2021-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610582400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Different viral agents, such as herpesviruses, human papillomavirus, and Coxsackie virus, are responsible for primary oral lesions, while other viruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus, affect the oral cavity due to immune system weakness. Interestingly, it has been reported that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients can show cutaneous manifestations, including the oral cavity. However, the association between oral injuries and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is still unclear. This narrative review aimed to summarize the available literature and provide an overview of oral lesions associated with COVID-19. An online literature search was conducted to select relevant studies published up to November 2020. The results of 17 studies showed variability in oral lesions associated with COVID-19, including ulcerations, aphthous-like lesions, and macules. The tongue, lips, and palate were the most frequent anatomical locations. According to current knowledge, the etiopathogenesis of multiple COVID-19-associated lesions seems to be multifactorial. The appearance of such lesions could be related to the direct or indirect action of SARS-CoV-2 over the oral mucosa cells, coinfections, immunity impairment, and adverse drug reactions. Nevertheless, COVID-19-associated oral lesions may be underreported, mainly due to lockdown periods and the lack of mandatory dispositive protection. Consequently, further research is necessary to determine the diagnostic and pathological significance of oral manifestations of COVID-19. All medical doctors, dentists, and dermatologists are encouraged to perform an accurate and thorough oral examination of all suspected and confirmed COVID-19 cases to recognize the disease's possible early manifestations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.571214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]],"date-time":"2021-01-14T13:53:28Z","timestamp":1610632408000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Association of Viral Infections With Oral Cavity Lesions: Role of SARS-CoV-2 Infection"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Giusy Rita Maria","family":"La Rosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Libra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rocco","family":"De Pasquale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sebastiano","family":"Ferlito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eugenio","family":"Pedull\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-84628-206-5_5","article-title":"Oral manifestations of viral diseases","volume-title":"Mucosal Immunology and Virology","author":"Lynch","year":"2006"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-009-4167-0_1","article-title":"The host defence system of the mouth","volume-title":"Immunological Aspects of Oral Diseases","author":"Dolby","year":"1986"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.2648","article-title":"Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention","volume":"323","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5","article-title":"Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in wuhan, china","volume":"395","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2020.04.011","article-title":"Cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19: report of three cases and a review of literature","volume":"98","author":"Sachdeva","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2020.03.002","article-title":"Clinical considerations for patients with diabetes in times of COVID-19 epidemic","volume":"14","author":"Gupta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-020-00662-x","article-title":"Expression of the SARS-CoV-2 cell receptor gene ACE2 in a wide variety of human tissues","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Infect Dis Poverty."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e212","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16387","article-title":"Cutaneous manifestations in COVID-19: a first perspective","volume":"34","author":"Recalcati","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1051\/mbcb\/2020011","article-title":"Oral manifestation of Covid-19 as an inaugural symptom?","volume":"26","author":"Chaux-Bodard","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Oral Med Oral Surg."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13382","article-title":"Oral vesiculobullous lesions associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection","author":"Mart\u00edn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oral Dis."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.332","article-title":"How to deal with coronavirus disease 2019: a comprehensive narrative review about oral involvement of the disease","author":"Capocasale","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dent Res."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13516","article-title":"COVID-19-related oral manifestations: early disease features?","author":"Riad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oral Dis."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26451","article-title":"Considerations on oral manifestations of COVID-19","author":"de Sousa","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Virol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-020-0074-x","article-title":"High expression of ACE2 receptor of 2019-nCoV on the epithelial cells of oral mucosa","volume":"12","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Oral Sci."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034520957289","article-title":"Oral manifestations in patients with COVID-19: a living systematic review","author":"Amorim Dos Santos","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Dent Res."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e124","DOI":"10.1590\/1807-3107bor-2020.vol34.0124","article-title":"Orofacial manifestations of COVID-19: a brief review of the published literature","volume":"34","author":"Halboub","year":"2020","journal-title":"Braz Oral Res."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6997","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-015-6818-4","article-title":"Antiviral activities of whey proteins","volume":"17","author":"Ng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2014.08.003","article-title":"Lactoferrin for prevention of common viral infections","volume":"20","author":"Wakabayashi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.4103\/1947-2714.118923","article-title":"Langerhans cells and their role in oral mucosal diseases","volume":"5","author":"Upadhyay","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Am J Med Sci."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1601-0825.2002.20844.x","article-title":"Salivary IgA and IgG subclasses in oral mucosal diseases","volume":"8","author":"Sistig","year":"2002","journal-title":"Oral Dis."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/0892-0354(90)90013-I","article-title":"Negative staining of proteins","volume":"3","author":"Kiselev","year":"1990","journal-title":"Electron Microsc Rev."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1101\/SQB.1962.027.001.005","article-title":"Physical principles in the construction of regular viruses","volume":"27","author":"Caspar","year":"1962","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol."},{"key":"B23","first-page":"321","article-title":"Oral manifestations of viral diseases","volume":"12","author":"Ramesh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Invent Today."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.3402\/jom.v2i0.2127","article-title":"The role of viruses in oral disease","volume":"2","author":"Grinde","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Oral Microbiol."},{"key":"B25","first-page":"2479","article-title":"The family herpesviridae: a brief introduction","volume-title":"Fields Virology","author":"Pellett","year":"2007"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_807_19","article-title":"Viral infections of oral cavity","volume":"9","author":"Santosh","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(85)90163-X","article-title":"Ulcerative stomatitis, gingivitis, and skin lesions. An unusual case of primary herpes simplex infection","volume":"59","author":"Scully","year":"1985","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197310112891505","article-title":"Infection with herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2. III","volume":"289","author":"Nahmias","year":"1973","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198312013092205","article-title":"Varicella and herpes zoster","volume":"309","author":"Weller","year":"1983","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.4065\/84.3.274","article-title":"Herpes zoster (shingles) and postherpetic neuralgia","volume":"84","author":"Sampathkumar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc."},{"key":"B31","first-page":"33","article-title":"Acute and chronic symptoms of mononucleosis","volume":"33","author":"Lambore","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Fam Pract."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3117","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-70-12-3117","article-title":"Human cytomegalovirus: recent aspects from molecular biology","volume":"70","author":"Mach","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Gen Virol."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1991.tb00404.x","article-title":"Human herpesvirus-6: the latest human herpes virus","volume":"20","author":"Bagg","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8635(01)00008-0","article-title":"Human herpesviruses 6 and 7","volume":"20","author":"De Araujo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin."},{"key":"B35","first-page":"409","article-title":"Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related malignancy","volume":"27","author":"Cannon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Semin Oncol."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1610-0387.2009.06988.x","article-title":"Diseases caused by human papillomaviruses (HPV)","volume":"7","author":"Handisurya","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Dtsch Dermatol Ges."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-199108000-00010","article-title":"Human papillomavirus infection of the oral mucosa","volume":"13","author":"Garlick","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Dermatopathol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1990.tb00813.x","article-title":"Oral mucosal changes in women with genital HPV infection","volume":"19","author":"Kellokoski","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1177\/030089169107700119","article-title":"Focal epithelial hyperplasia (Heck's disease): the first reported case from Italy","volume":"77","author":"Ficarra","year":"1991","journal-title":"Tumori."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1993.64.1.63","article-title":"Focal epithelial hyperplasia (Heck's disease) with generalized lesions of the gingiva. A case report","volume":"64","author":"Morrow","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Periodontol."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1067\/moe.2001.115392","article-title":"Human papillomavirus as a risk factor for oral squamous cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis, 1982-1997","volume":"91","author":"Miller","year":"2001","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034509333371","article-title":"Human papillomavirus and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: recent evidence and clinical implications","volume":"88","author":"Hennessey","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Dent Res."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1159\/000445852","article-title":"Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)","volume":"43","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transfus Med Hemother"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(02)00317-1","article-title":"Synergism between HIV and other viruses in the mouth","volume":"2","author":"Mbopi-Keou","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S81214","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-7406.163577","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus induced oral candidiasis","volume":"7","author":"Warrier","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pharm Bioallied Sci."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929616","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/929616","article-title":"Oral candidiasis: aiding in the diagnosis of HIV-a case report","volume":"2011","author":"Shetti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Case Rep Dent."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-016-0152-3","article-title":"An update on Kaposi's Sarcoma: epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment","volume":"6","author":"Curtiss","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0060-9","article-title":"Kaposi sarcoma","volume":"5","author":"Cesarman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13465","article-title":"Oral cavity lesions as a manifestation of the novel virus (COVID-19)","author":"Ansari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oral Dis."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13705","article-title":"Oral lesions in COVID-19 infection: is long term follow-up important in the affected patients?","author":"Bezerra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oral Dis."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2020.07.014","article-title":"Oral lesions in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: could the oral cavity be a target organ?","author":"Brand\u00e3o","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13797","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.13797","article-title":"Mucosal involvement in a COVID-19-positive patient: a case report","volume":"33","author":"Cebeci Kahraman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26221","article-title":"Oral erosions and petechiae during SARS-CoV-2 infection","author":"Ciccarese","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Virol."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1111\/scd.12520","article-title":"Oral mucosal lesions in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Report of four cases. Are they a true sign of COVID-19 disease?","volume":"40","author":"Cruz Tapia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Spec Care Dentist."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13555","article-title":"Oral manifestations associated with COVID-19","author":"D\u00edaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oral Dis."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31128\/AJGP-COVID-32","article-title":"Minor aphthae associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection","author":"Dominguez-Santas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9151","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_202009_22863","article-title":"Short report - Herpes simplex lesion in the lip semimucosa in a COVID-19 patient","volume":"24","author":"Kitakawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.19564","article-title":"Prevalence of mucocutaneous manifestations in 666 patients with COVID-19 in a field hospital in Spain: oral and palmoplantar findings","author":"Nuno-Gonzalez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2020.05.002","article-title":"Unique skin manifestations of COVID-19: is drug eruption specific to COVID-19?","volume":"99","author":"Sakaida","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e563","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.24044","article-title":"Letter to editor: oral lesions in a patient with Covid-19","volume":"25","author":"Soares","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13635","article-title":"Tongue ulcers associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a case series","author":"Riad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oral Dis."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.06.012","article-title":"Oral mucosal lesions in a COVID-19 patient: New signs or secondary manifestations?","volume":"97","author":"Amorim Dos Santos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.08.071","article-title":"Oral manifestations in a patient with a history of asymptomatic COVID-19: case report","volume":"100","author":"Corchuelo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2002032","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in china","volume":"382","author":"Guan","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.05.003","article-title":"Taste changes (dysgeusia) in Covid-19: a systematic review and metaanalysis","volume":"159","author":"Aziz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2020.04.007","article-title":"Clinical and histopathological study of skin dermatoses in patients affected by COVID-19 infection in the Northern part of Italy","volume":"98","author":"Gianotti","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.05.087","article-title":"High expression of ACE2 on the keratinocytes reveals skin as a potential target for SARS-CoV-2","volume":"141","author":"Xue","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.144.9.1175","article-title":"Lymphocytic thrombophilic arteritis: a newly described medium-sized vessel arteritis of the skin","volume":"144","author":"Lee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol."},{"key":"B69","volume-title":"COVID 19 and the Skin-Heuristic Review","author":"Gianotti","year":"2020"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.04.018","article-title":"A dermatologic manifestation of COVID-19: transient livedo reticularis","volume":"83","author":"Manalo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2020.04.007","article-title":"Complement associated microvascular injury and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 infection: a report of five cases","volume":"220","author":"Magro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl Res."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25903","article-title":"Causes of hypogeusia\/hyposmia in SARS- CoV2 infected patients","volume":"92","author":"Finsterer","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Virol."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.1286","article-title":"Potential effects of coronaviruses on the cardiovascular system: a review","volume":"5","author":"Madjid","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e299","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16519","article-title":"Comment on 'Cutaneous manifestations in COVID-19: a first perspective' by Recalcati S","volume":"34","author":"Hedou","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0215553","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0215553","article-title":"Risk factors for herpes simplex virus type-1 infection and reactivation: cross-sectional studies among EPIC- Norfolk participants","volume":"14","author":"Forbes","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.3390\/biology9100318","article-title":"The human respiratory system and its microbiome at a glimpse","volume":"9","author":"Santacroce","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biology."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7173","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_202006_21713","article-title":"Rapid and sensitive diagnostic procedure for multiple detection of pandemic Coronaviridae family members SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and HCoV: a translational research and cooperation between the Phan Chau Trinh University in Vietnam and University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d in Italy","volume":"24","author":"Pham","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3920","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v8.i18.3920","article-title":"Special features of SARS-CoV-2 in daily practice","volume":"8","author":"Charitos","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J Clin Cases."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1704","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8111704","article-title":"Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic: future challenges for dental practitioners","volume":"8","author":"Bordea","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microorganisms."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.2174\/18742106020140111","article-title":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic burst and its relevant consequences in dental practice","volume":"1","author":"Cantore","year":"2020","journal-title":"Open Dent J."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2020.571214\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,20]],"date-time":"2021-01-20T07:49:13Z","timestamp":1611128953000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2020.571214\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]]},"references-count":80,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2020.571214"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2020.571214","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]]},"article-number":"571214"}}