{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:01:31Z","timestamp":1753891291935,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,11]],"date-time":"2021-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Synovial tissue can be safely and reliably collected for research and clinical purposes using arthroscopy. This technique offers the obvious advantage of allowing direct visualization, and targeted biopsy of specific areas of interest within the joint, as well as for the collection of tissue which will include a lining layer. Much has been learnt by studying the synovium retrieved using this technique concerning the pathobiology of inflammatory arthritis. Furthermore, recent evidence suggests that the tissue retrieved may enable the identification of unique pathotypes that will allow for a precise approach to treatment selection in individual patients. Although ultrasound guided techniques for sampling synovial tissue have gained in popularity over the last decade, both methodologies are expected to compliment each other, each having unique benefits and drawbacks. We present here a detailed description of the arthroscopy technique reporting on our collective experience at two centers in Europe.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.604582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,12]],"date-time":"2021-02-12T23:43:38Z","timestamp":1613173418000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Arthroscopic Guided Synovial Biopsies"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Carl Kieran","family":"Orr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elsa","family":"Vieira-Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Eurico","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Veale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2017.161","article-title":"Synovial tissue research: a state-of-the-art review","volume":"13","author":"Orr","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8101300","article-title":"Association of the rheumatoid arthritis severity variant rs26232 with the invasive activity of synovial fibroblasts","volume":"8","author":"Dorris","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cells."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2018-214138","article-title":"Association of synovial tissue polyfunctional T-cells with DAPSA in psoriatic arthritis","volume":"4","author":"Wade","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI60975","article-title":"Induction of osteoclastogenesis and bone loss by human autoantibodies against citrullinated vimentin","volume":"122","author":"Harre","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2068","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.110426","article-title":"Synovial tissue analysis for the discovery of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in patients with early arthritis","volume":"38","author":"Harty","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780370207","article-title":"Mechanisms of methotrexate action in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"37","author":"Firestein","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780381012","article-title":"Reduction of synovial inflammation after anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody treatment in early rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"38","author":"Tak","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4555","article-title":"Synovial phenotypes in rheumatoid arthritis correlate with response to biologic therapeutics","author":"Dennis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2018-214539","article-title":"Synovial cellular and molecular signatures stratify clinical response to csDMARD therapy and predict radiographic progression in early rheumatoid arthritis patients","volume":"78","author":"Humby","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.07.091","article-title":"Molecular portraits of early rheumatoid arthritis identify clinical and treatment response phenotypes","volume":"28","author":"Lewis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199907)42:7<1481::AID-ANR23>3.0.CO;2-E","article-title":"Distinct vascular patterns of early synovitis in psoriatic, reactive, and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"42","author":"Reece","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1053\/sarh.2002.50004","article-title":"Diagnostic usefulness of synovial vascular morphology in chronic arthritis. 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