{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:17:32Z","timestamp":1787026652702,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,23]],"date-time":"2020-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608681600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Immunosuppressants are widely used to treat patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and their adverse effects have been known to cause other iatrogenic immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative disorders (OIIA-LPDs). We report a patient with RA who had been treated with methotrexate (MTX) and tacrolimus (TAC) and who developed whole body lymphadenopathy. We simultaneously confirmed angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) through a right cervical lymph node biopsy and Epstein-Barr virus-positive B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (EBV-positive B-LPD) through a bone marrow examination. After cessation of immunosuppressant therapy, both LPDs completely disappeared. Patients with AITL are occasionally reported to develop B-cell lymphoma through reactivation of the EBV, which leads to clonal expansion in the microenvironment. Immunohistochemistry results revealed that both LPD components were positive for EBV-encoded RNA. Moreover, in this patient, the plasma EBV DNA level was found to be high; therefore, EBV infection was a probable etiology. Synchronous coexistence of AITL and B-LPD as an OIIA-LPD has rarely been reported. This case report is the first to discuss the disappearance of both LPDs on withdrawal of immunosuppressants only. AITL occasionally accompany B-LPD; however, this composite lymphoma comprised AITL and B-LPD, and OIIA-LPDs should not be overlooked.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.625442","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,23]],"date-time":"2020-12-23T01:32:58Z","timestamp":1608687178000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Case Report: Composite Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma and Epstein-Barr Virus-Positive B-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder as Other Iatrogenic Immunodeficiency-Associated Lymphoproliferative 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