{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:18:23Z","timestamp":1787026703256,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":154,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]],"date-time":"2021-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Introduction:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This systematic review and meta-analysis aims at comparing outcomes of rewarming after accidental hypothermic cardiac arrest (HCA) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) or\/and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Material and Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Literature searches were limited to references with an abstract in English, French or German. Additionally, we searched reference lists of included papers. Primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge. We assessed neurological outcome, differences in relative risks (RR) of surviving, as related to the applied rewarming technique, sex, asphyxia, and witnessed or unwitnessed HCA. We calculated hypothermia outcome prediction probability score after extracorporeal life support (HOPE) in patients in whom we found individual data.\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &amp;lt; 0.05 considered significant.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Twenty-three case observation studies comprising 464 patients were included in a meta-analysis comparing outcomes of rewarming with CPB or\/and ECMO. One-hundred-and-seventy-two patients (37%) survived to hospital discharge, 76 of 245 (31%) after CPB and 96 of 219 (44 %) after ECMO; 87 and 75%, respectively, had good neurological outcomes. Overall chance of surviving was 41% higher (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.005) with ECMO as compared with CPB. A man and a woman had 46% (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.043) and 31% (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.115) higher chance, respectively, of surviving with ECMO as compared with CPB. Avalanche victims had the lowest chance of surviving, followed by drowning and people losing consciousness in cold environments. Assessed by logistic regression, asphyxia, unwitnessed HCA, male sex, high initial body temperature, low pH and high serum potassium (s-K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) levels were associated with reduced chance of surviving. In patients displaying individual data, overall mean predictive surviving probability (HOPE score;\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 134) was 33.9 \u00b1 33.6% with no significant difference between ECMO and CPB-treated patients. We also surveyed 80 case reports with 96 victims of HCA, who underwent resuscitation with CPB or ECMO, without including them in the meta-analysis.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The chance of surviving was significantly higher after rewarming with ECMO, as compared to CPB, and in patients with witnessed compared to unwitnessed HCA. Avalanche victims had the lowest probability of surviving. Male sex, high initial body temperature, low pH, and high s-K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    were factors associated with low surviving chances.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.641633","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]],"date-time":"2021-05-13T04:38:05Z","timestamp":1620880685000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Rewarming From Hypothermic Cardiac Arrest Applying Extracorporeal Life Support: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Lars J.","family":"Bjertn\u00e6s","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristian","family":"Hindberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Torvind O.","family":"N\u00e6sheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evgeny V.","family":"Suborov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eirik","family":"Reierth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikhail Y.","family":"Kirov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantin M.","family":"Lebedinskii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Torkjel","family":"Tveita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/95.12.775","article-title":"Pathophysiology of accidental hypothermia","volume":"95","author":"Mallet","year":"2002","journal-title":"QJM."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(68)91357-3","article-title":"Severe hypothermia as a result of barbiturate overdose complicated by cardiac arrest","volume":"1","author":"Fell","year":"1968","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31820edd04","article-title":"Efficacy of portable and percutaneous cardiopulmonary bypass rewarming versus that of conventional internal rewarming for patients with accidental deep hypothermia","volume":"39","author":"Morita","year":"2011","journal-title":"Crit Care Med."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2019.08.041","article-title":"Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation improves outcomes of accidental hypothermia without vital signs: a nationwide observational study","volume":"144","author":"Ohbe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(94)92231-4","article-title":"Reduced complement and granulocyte activation with heparin-coated cardiopulmonary bypass","volume":"58","author":"Fosse","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(95)00777-I","article-title":"Disparity in blood activation by two different heparin-coated cardiopulmonary bypass systems","volume":"60","author":"Moen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1097\/00075198-200502000-00014","article-title":"Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation","volume":"11","author":"Mielck","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Opin Crit Care."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2007.03.049","article-title":"Prolonged extracorporeal membrane oxygenation-assisted support provides improved survival in hypothermic patients with cardiocirculatory arrest","author":"Ruttmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-7940(01)00713-8","article-title":"Rewarming from accidental hypothermia by extracorporeal circulation. A retrospective study","volume":"20","author":"Farstad","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg."},{"key":"B10","first-page":"1020","article-title":"[Accidental hypothermia in Switzerland (1980-1987)\u2013case reports and prognostic factors]","volume":"121","author":"Locher","year":"1991","journal-title":"Schweiz Med Wochenschr."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2012.09.010","article-title":"Emergency medical helicopter operations for avalanche accidents","volume":"84","author":"Mair","year":"2013","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2014.04.029","article-title":"\u201cNobody is dead until warm and dead\u201d: prolonged resuscitation is warranted in arrested hypothermic victims also in remote areas - a retrospective study from northern Norway","volume":"85","author":"Hilmo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2014.05.011","article-title":"Non-extracorporeal rewarming at a rate of 6.8\u00b0C per hour in a deeply hypothermic arrested patient","volume":"85","author":"Gruber","year":"2014","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B14","first-page":"112","article-title":"Severe accidental hypothermia: survival after 6 hours 30 minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation","volume":"50","author":"Lexow","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arctic Med Res."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9572(01)00474-9","article-title":"Cold water submersion and cardiac arrest in treatment of severe hypothermia with cardiopulmonary bypass","volume":"52","author":"Wollenek","year":"2002","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(03)00309-7","article-title":"Hypothermia in the trauma patient","volume":"35","author":"Tsuei","year":"2004","journal-title":"Injury."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1442-2026.2001.00172.x","article-title":"Emergency treatment of hypothermia","volume":"13","author":"Giesbrecht","year":"2001","journal-title":"Emerge Med."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198709000-00011","article-title":"Hypothermia in trauma victims: an ominous predictor of survival","volume":"27","author":"Jurkovich","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Trauma."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2014.06.011","article-title":"Extracorporeal-assisted rewarming in the management of accidental deep hypothermic cardiac arrest. A systematic review of the literature","volume":"23","author":"Dunne","year":"2014","journal-title":"Heart Lung Circ."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2018.02.026","article-title":"Hypothermia outcome prediction after extracorporeal life support for hypothermic cardiac arrest patients: the HOPE score","volume":"126","author":"Pasquier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.84.2.960","article-title":"Recommended guidelines for uniform reporting of data from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: the Utstein Style. A statement for health professionals from a task force of the American heart association, the European resuscitation council, the heart and stroke foundation of Canada, and the Australian resuscitation council","volume":"84","author":"Cummins","year":"1991","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2018.03.028","article-title":"Prediction and risk stratification of survival in accidental hypothermia requiring extracorporeal life support: an individual patient data meta-analysis","volume":"127","author":"Saczkowski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181485490","article-title":"The efficacy of rewarming with a portable and percutaneous cardiopulmonary bypass system in accidental deep hypothermia patients with hemodynamic instability","volume":"65","author":"Morita","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Trauma."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009523","article-title":"Confidence limits made easy: interval estimation using a substitution method","volume":"147","author":"Daly","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.148.3.6878708","article-title":"A method of comparing the areas under receiver operating characteristic curves derived from the same cases","volume":"148","author":"Hanley","year":"1983","journal-title":"Radiology."},{"key":"B26","first-page":"407","article-title":"Partial cardiopulmonary bypass for core rewarming in profound accidental hypothermia","volume":"52","author":"Splittgerber","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am Surg."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1053\/ajem.2000.7312","article-title":"Hypothermic cardiac arrest: an 11 year review of ED management and outcome","volume":"18","author":"Brunette","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-9572(94)90021-3","article-title":"Prognostic markers in patients with severe accidental hypothermia and cardiocirculatory arrest","volume":"27","author":"Mair","year":"1994","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1992.01420050045005","article-title":"Is cardiopulmonary bypass effective for treatment of hypothermic arrest due to drowning or exposure?","volume":"127","author":"Letsou","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Surg."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199711203372103","article-title":"Outcome of survivors of accidental deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest treated with extracorporeal blood warming","volume":"337","author":"Walpoth","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Eng J Med."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198710000-00002","article-title":"Prognostic factors in severe accidental hypothermia: experience from the Mt. hood tragedy","volume":"27","author":"Hauty","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Trauma."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2012.05.009","article-title":"Outcome of accidental hypothermia with or without circulatory arrest: experience from the Danish praesto fjord boating accident","volume":"83","author":"Wanscher","year":"2012","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9572(03)00237-5","article-title":"Outcome from severe accidental hypothermia in Southern Finland - a 10-year review","volume":"59","author":"Silfvast","year":"2003","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2014.01.027","article-title":"Cardiac arrest due to accidental hypothermia-A 20 year review of a rare condition in an urban area","volume":"85","author":"Schober","year":"2014","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1097\/MAT.0000000000000312","article-title":"The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation systems in severe accidental hypothermia after drowning: a centre experience","volume":"62","author":"Weuster","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asaio J."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2015.01.019","article-title":"Outcome of avalanche victims with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest","volume":"89","author":"Moroder","year":"2015","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2014.06.015","article-title":"Survival after avalanche-induced cardiac arrest","volume":"85","author":"Boue","year":"2014","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2013.12.023","article-title":"Outcome from severe accidental hypothermia with cardiac arrest resuscitated with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation","volume":"32","author":"Sawamoto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2015.06.013","article-title":"Outcome after severe accidental hypothermia in the French alps: a 10-year review","volume":"93","author":"Debaty","year":"2015","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2014.11.023","article-title":"Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) for refractory cardiac arrest after drowning: an 11-year experience","volume":"88","author":"Champigneulle","year":"2015","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-016-0281-9","article-title":"The chain of survival in hypothermic circulatory arrest: encouraging preliminary results when using early identification, risk stratification and extracorporeal rewarming","volume":"24","author":"Darocha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scand J Trauma Resus Emerge Med."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2016.06.093","article-title":"Outcome after rewarming from accidental hypothermia by use of extracorporeal circulation","volume":"103","author":"Svendsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2016.10.043","article-title":"Extracorporeal life support for refractory cardiac arrest from accidental hypothermia: a 10-year experience in edinburgh","volume":"52","author":"Khorsandi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Emerg Med."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2017.08.242","article-title":"Characteristics and outcome of patients with hypothermic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: experience from a European trauma center","volume":"120","author":"Ruttmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197211302872210","article-title":"Intractable ventricular fibrillation associated with profound accidental hypothermia\u2013successful treatment with partial cardiopulmonary bypass","volume":"287","author":"Towne","year":"1972","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1973.01350140074021","article-title":"Accidental profound hypothermia. Successful resuscitation by core rewarming and assisted circulation","volume":"106","author":"Truscott","year":"1973","journal-title":"Arch Surg."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(76)90029-5","article-title":"Accidental hypothermia: core rewarming with partial bypass","volume":"131","author":"Wickstrom","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am J Surg."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198204000-00018","article-title":"Management of profound accidental hypothermia with cardiorespiratory arrest","volume":"195","author":"Althaus","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ann Surg."},{"key":"B49","first-page":"40","article-title":"New developments in the treatment of accidental hypothermia","volume-title":"Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica: 1987","author":"Bjertn\u00e6s","year":"1987"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0750-7658(87)80085-0","article-title":"[Accidental deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest. Treatment with extracorporeal circulation]","volume":"6","author":"Feiss","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann Fr Anesth Reanim."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(89)90445-1","article-title":"Percutaneous cardiopulmonary bypass for the treatment of hypothermic circulatory collapse","volume":"47","author":"Laub","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg."},{"key":"B52","first-page":"415","article-title":"[A drowning accident of long duration with deep hypothermia and rewarming with extracorporeal circulation. A report of 2 patients]","volume":"137","author":"Graf","year":"1989","journal-title":"Monatsschr Kinderheilkd."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01706328","article-title":"Accidental hypothermia with cardiac arrest: complete recovery after prolonged resuscitation and rewarming by extracorporeal circulation","volume":"16","author":"Husby","year":"1990","journal-title":"Intens Care Med."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1177\/014107689308601221","article-title":"Successful resuscitation from hypothermic induced cardiac arrest using cardiopulmonary bypass","volume":"86","author":"Black","year":"1993","journal-title":"J R Soc Med."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1177\/014107689208501021","article-title":"Partial cardiopulmonary bypass for the treatment of profound accidental hypothermic circulatory collapse","volume":"85","author":"Wong","year":"1992","journal-title":"J R Soc Med."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/0736-4679(92)90271-T","article-title":"Accidental hypothermia with cardiac arrest: recovery following rewarming by cardiopulmonary bypass","volume":"10","author":"Bolgiano","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Emerg Med."},{"key":"B57","first-page":"2157","article-title":"[Accidental hypothermia. 2 case reports]","volume":"90","author":"Cha","year":"1993","journal-title":"Lakartidningen"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1786","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(94)91698-5","article-title":"Portable cardiopulmonary bypass: resuscitation from prolonged ice-water submersion and asystole","volume":"58","author":"Antretter","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199603000-00032","article-title":"Resuscitation of severe hypothermia by extracorporeal rewarming in a child","volume":"40","author":"Dobson","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Trauma."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.14.3.170","article-title":"Cardiopulmonary resuscitation following profound immersion hypothermia","volume":"14","author":"Steedman","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Accid Emerg Med."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(00)02307-9","article-title":"Resuscitaton in near drowning with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation","volume":"72","author":"Thalmann","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1191\/0267659104pf760oa","article-title":"Refractory ventricular fibrillation in accidental hypothermia: salvage with cardiopulmonary bypass","volume":"19","author":"Mulpur","year":"2004","journal-title":"Perfusion."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.5507\/bp.2004.008","article-title":"Rewarming from severe accidental hypothermia with circulatory arrest","volume":"148","author":"Brat","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/S0993-9857(05)82477-X","article-title":"High frequency oscillatory ventilation associated with cardiopulmonary bypass in the management of drowning and deep hypothermia","volume":"18","author":"Marquis","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s00101-006-1110-8","article-title":"[Severe accidental hypothermia with cardiac arrest and extracorporeal rewarming. A case report of a 2-year-old child]","volume":"56","author":"Maisch","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anaesthesist."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2007.09.004","article-title":"Full recovery of an avalanche victim with profound hypothermia and prolonged cardiac arrest treated by extracorporeal re-warming","volume":"76","author":"Oberhammer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1177\/0267659108099651","article-title":"Treatment of accidental hypothermia with cardiopulmonary bypass: a case report","volume":"23","author":"Binnema","year":"2008","journal-title":"Perfusion."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6204","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-1626-0002-0000006204","article-title":"Heart rate monitored hypothermia and drowning in a 48-year-old man. Survival without sequelae: a case report","volume":"2","author":"Lund","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cases J."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/1865-1380-5-9","article-title":"Successful treatment of severe accidental hypothermia with cardiac arrest for a long time using cardiopulmonary bypass-report of a case","volume":"5","author":"Sawamoto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Emerge Med."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1865-1380-5-7","article-title":"Hypothermic cardiac arrest far away from the center providing rewarming with extracorporeal circulation","volume":"5","author":"Mark","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Emerge Med."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2013.08.085","article-title":"Sequela-free long-term survival of a 65-year-old woman after 8 hours and 40 minutes of cardiac arrest from deep accidental hypothermia","volume":"147","author":"Meyer","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1007\/s00101-017-0271-y","article-title":"Good neurological outcome after accidental hyopthermia presenting with asytole","volume":"66","author":"Eckert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anaesthesist."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-017-0646-6","article-title":"A 95 year-old suffering circulatory arrest after accidental hypothermia: a case report","volume":"17","author":"Carlsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2009.078865","article-title":"Hypothermic cardiac arrest rescued with cardiopulmonary bypass and decompressive laparotomy","volume":"27","author":"Talbot","year":"2010","journal-title":"Emerg Med J."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199209000-00026","article-title":"Successful resuscitation of a cold water submersion victim with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass","volume":"20","author":"Norberg","year":"1992","journal-title":"Crit Care Med."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.3109\/10903127.2014.891066","article-title":"Surviving two hours of ventricular fibrillation in accidental hypothermia","volume":"18","author":"Nordberg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prehosp Emerg Care."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(94)90229-1","article-title":"Portable cardiopulmonary bypass: resuscitation from prolonged ice-water submersion and asystole","volume":"57","author":"Waters","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1177\/026765919601100108","article-title":"Profound accidental hypothermia in the deep South: clinical experience","volume":"11","author":"Tyndal","year":"1996","journal-title":"Perfusion."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1988.03410030093036","article-title":"The use of extracorporeal rewarming in a child submerged for 66 min","volume":"260","author":"Bolte","year":"1988","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-0770(97)90131-2","article-title":"Successful resuscitation of a patient with severe accidental hypothermia and prolonged cardiocirculatory arrest using cardiopulmonary bypass","volume":"11","author":"Mair","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1177\/026765919801300309","article-title":"Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in emergency resuscitation from deep hypothermia","volume":"13","author":"Irone","year":"1998","journal-title":"Perfusion."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)01021-7","article-title":"Resuscitation from accidental hypothermia of 13.7 degrees C with circulatory arrest","volume":"355","author":"Gilbert","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2004.12.018","article-title":"One night in a snowbank: a case report of severe hypothermia and cardiac arrest","volume":"65","author":"Moser","year":"2005","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mat.0000169124.32865.d6","article-title":"Successful use of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in accidental hypothermic cardiac arrest","volume":"51","author":"Tiruvoipati","year":"2005","journal-title":"Asaio J."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2005.05.002","article-title":"Recovery of a hypothermic drowned child after resuscitation with cardiopulmonary bypass followed by prolonged extracorporeal membrane oxygenation","volume":"67","author":"Eich","year":"2005","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1007\/s00101-007-1206-9","article-title":"[Management of accidental hypothermia]","volume":"56","author":"Hohlrieder","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anaesthesist."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2007.05.028","article-title":"No one is dead until warm and dead","volume":"134","author":"Iyer","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-1947-2-150","article-title":"Successful resuscitation of an elderly man with deep accidental hypothermia using portable extracorporeal circulation in the emergency department: a case report","volume":"2","author":"Cooper","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Med Case Rep."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2008.11.019","article-title":"Extended therapeutic hypothermia for several days during extracorporeal membrane-oxygenation after drowning and cardiac arrest two cases of survival with no neurological sequelae","volume":"80","author":"Guenther","year":"2009","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1051\/ject\/201143252","article-title":"Hypothermic cardiac arrest in the homeless: what can we do?","volume":"43","author":"Sansone","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Extra Corpor Technol."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2010.11.032","article-title":"Survival after 385 min of cardiopulmonary resuscitation with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and rewarming with haemodialysis for hypothermic cardiac arrest","volume":"82","author":"Hagiwara","year":"2011","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B92","first-page":"493","article-title":"Precocious ECMO in emergency room for a drowned life-threatening young patient","volume":"68","author":"De Canniere","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Clin Belgica."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.12659\/AJCR.883728","article-title":"Rewarming for accidental hypothermia in an urban medical center using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation","volume":"14","author":"Morley","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Case Rep."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2014.1082","article-title":"Full neurologic recovery after prolonged avalanche burial and cardiac arrest","volume":"15","author":"Boue","year":"2014","journal-title":"High Alt Med Biol."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e167","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3182a643bc","article-title":"Neurologic recovery from profound accidental hypothermia after 5 hours of cardiopulmonary resuscitation","volume":"42","author":"Boue","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit Care Med."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1086","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000001086","article-title":"Extracorporeal rewarming from accidental hypothermia of patient with suspected trauma","volume":"94","author":"Darocha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Medicine."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-014-3543-x","article-title":"Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in severe accidental hypothermia","volume":"41","author":"Jarosz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Intens Care Med."},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857.e851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2014.11.045","article-title":"Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation rewarming in the ED: an opportunity for success","volume":"33","author":"Ginty","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e521","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000001283","article-title":"Excellent outcome with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after accidental profound hypothermia (13.8degreeC) and drowning","volume":"43","author":"Romlin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit Care Med."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2016.05.022","article-title":"The longest persisting ventricular fibrillation with an excellent outcome - 6 h 45min cardiac arrest","volume":"105","author":"Kosinski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1017\/S1049023X16000637","article-title":"Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for hypothermic cardiac deterioration: a case series","volume":"31","author":"Niehaus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prehosp Disaster Med."},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-017-0418-5","article-title":"Swedish-Norwegian co-operation in the treatment of three hypothermia victims: a case report","volume":"25","author":"Carlsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ppedcard.2018.05.004","article-title":"Pediatric ECMO after drowning: neuroprotective strategies","volume":"50","author":"Nelson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog Pediatr Cardiol."},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2018.06.011","article-title":"Deep accidental hypothermia accompanied with cardiac arrest after alcohol and drug poisoning treated with extracorporeal life support","volume":"25","author":"Grapatsas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Res Med Case Rep."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S165","DOI":"10.1093\/jbcr\/iry006.310","article-title":"388 case study: severe hypothermia and frostbite requiring ECMO and Four limb amputations","volume":"39","author":"Lacey","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Burn Care Res."},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2011.07.021","article-title":"Near-infrared spectroscopy during cardiopulmonary resuscitation of a hypothermic polytraumatised cardiac arrest patient","volume":"83","author":"Putzer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annfar.2006.01.011","article-title":"[Resuscitation from accidental hypothermia of 22 degrees C with circulatory arrest: importance of prehospital management]","volume":"25","author":"Incagnoli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Fr Anesth Reanim."},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2016.05.013","article-title":"HEMS advanced trauma team retrieval of a patient with accidental hypothermic cardiac arrest for ECMO therapy","volume":"105","author":"McCormack","year":"2016","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s12245-018-0205-8","article-title":"Successful resuscitation for cardiac arrest due to severe accidental hypothermia accompanied by mandibular rigidity: a case of cold stiffening mimicking rigor mortis","volume":"11","author":"Bunya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Emerg Med."},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2019.00119","article-title":"Shoshin beriberi and severe accidental hypothermia as causes of heart failure in a 6-year-old child: a case report and brief review of literature","volume":"7","author":"Vicinanza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Pediatr."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ccm.0000552264.64825.df","article-title":"Takotsubo cardiomyopathy induced by severe accidental hypothermia during rewarming with ECMO","volume":"47","author":"Kakizaki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit Care Med."},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medine.2017.06.014","article-title":"Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation to resuscitate a 14-year-old boy after 43min drowning","volume":"42","author":"Scandroglio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med Intens."},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1089\/ther.2018.0011","article-title":"Cardiopulmonary resuscitation with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in a patient with profound accidental hypothermia and refractory ventricular fibrillation","volume":"9","author":"Fister","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ther Hypother Temp Manag."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2018.09.018","article-title":"Hypothermic cardiac arrest with full neurologic recovery after approximately nine hours of cardiopulmonary resuscitation: management and possible complications","volume":"73","author":"Forti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med."},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-995151","article-title":"[Resuscitation of a near-drowning patient by the use of a portable extracorporeal circulation device]","volume":"32","author":"Kumle","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther."},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1007\/s10049-017-0301-y","article-title":"Beinahe-ertrinken eines einj\u00e4hrigen","volume":"20","author":"Merz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Notfall Rettungsmed."},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2018.11.011","article-title":"Extracorporeal life support in hypothermic cardiac arrest: reconsidering trauma as an absolute contraindication","volume":"135","author":"Mendonca","year":"2019","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30751-0","article-title":"Full neurological recovery 6 h after cardiac arrest due to accidental hypothermia","volume":"395","author":"Riera","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-020-00723-y","article-title":"Therapeutic management of severe hypothermia with veno-arterial ECMO: where do we stand? Case report and review of the current literature","volume":"28","author":"Ledoux","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med."},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2020.01.003","article-title":"Successful defibrillation at a core temperature of 18.2 degrees celsius","volume":"31","author":"Kosi\u0144ski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Wilderness Environ Med."},{"key":"B121","first-page":"71","article-title":"[The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in severe hypothermia associated with cardiac arrest]","volume":"74","author":"Hougardy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev Med Liege."},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1017\/cem.2020.381","article-title":"Survival after accidental hypothermia and cardiac arrest using emergency department-initiated extracorporeal membrane oxygenation","volume":"22","author":"Beaton","year":"2020","journal-title":"CJEM."},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezaa159","article-title":"Successful resuscitation from accidental hypothermia of 11","volume":"58","author":"Mroczek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg."},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7168.1309","article-title":"Confidence intervals for the number needed to treat","volume":"317","author":"Altman","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1191\/0267659103pf648oa","article-title":"The effect of haemodilution on blood-biomaterial contact-mediated CD11b expression on neutrophils: ex vivo studies","volume":"18","author":"Gourlay","year":"2003","journal-title":"Perfusion."},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2005.02.030","article-title":"Using a miniaturized circuit and an asanguineous prime to reduce neutrophil-mediated organ dysfunction following infant cardiopulmonary bypass","volume":"80","author":"Karamlou","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg."},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-016-1570-4","article-title":"The inflammatory response to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO): a review of the pathophysiology","volume":"20","author":"Millar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit Care."},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1051\/ject\/201446197","article-title":"Attenuating the systemic inflammatory response to adult cardiopulmonary bypass: a critical review of the evidence base","volume":"46","author":"Landis","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Extra Corpor Technol."},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.8320.1","article-title":"Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 2016: an update","volume":"5","author":"Butt","year":"2016","journal-title":"F1000Research."},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2010.10.020","article-title":"The effects of sex on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes","volume":"124","author":"Akahane","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Med."},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.12541","article-title":"Sex- and gender-specific research priorities in cardiovascular resuscitation: proceedings from the 2014 academic emergency medicine consensus conference cardiovascular resuscitation research workgroup","volume":"21","author":"Wigginton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq059","article-title":"Reduction in incidence and fatality of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in females of the reproductive age","volume":"31","author":"Kitamura","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Heart J."},{"key":"B133","volume-title":"Resuscitation and Artificial Hypothermia","author":"Negovskii","year":"1962"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2019.02.001","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and outcomes of witnessed hypothermic cardiac arrest: a systematic review on rescue collapse","volume":"137","author":"Frei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/aor.13818","article-title":"Outcomes of patients suffering unwitnessed hypothermic cardiac arrest rewarmed with extracorporeal life support: a systematic review","author":"Podsiad\u0142o","year":"2020","journal-title":"Artif Organs"},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2015.0012","article-title":"Does rescue collapse mandate a paradigm shift in the field management of avalanche victims?","volume":"16","author":"Pasquier","year":"2015","journal-title":"High Alt Med Biol."},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2019.03.017","article-title":"Hypothermia outcome prediction after extracorporeal life support for hypothermic cardiac arrest patients: an external validation of the HOPE score","volume":"139","author":"Pasquier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2012.09.014","article-title":"Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (EC-CPR) for hypothermic arrest in children: is meaningful survival a reasonable expectation?","volume":"47","author":"Skarda","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg."},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2019.04.025","article-title":"Cut-off values of serum potassium and core temperature at hospital admission for extracorporeal rewarming of avalanche victims in cardiac arrest: a retrospective multi-centre study","volume":"139","author":"Brugger","year":"2019","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2010.01.037","article-title":"Prognostic factors in avalanche resuscitation: a systematic review","volume":"81","author":"Boyd","year":"2010","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2010.08.015","article-title":"European resuscitation council guidelines for resuscitation 2010 section 8. Cardiac arrest in special circumstances: Electrolyte abnormalities, poisoning, drowning, accidental hypothermia, hyperthermia, asthma, anaphylaxis, cardiac surgery, trauma, pregnancy, electrocution","volume":"81","author":"Soar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1114208","article-title":"Accidental hypothermia","volume":"367","author":"Brown","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Eng J Med."},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2012.10.020","article-title":"Resuscitation of avalanche victims: evidence-based guidelines of the international commission for mountain emergency medicine (ICAR MEDCOM): intended for physicians and other advanced life support personnel","volume":"84","author":"Brugger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199708000-00035","article-title":"Survival put to the acid test: extreme arterial blood acidosis (pH 6.33) after near drowning","volume":"25","author":"Opdahl","year":"1997","journal-title":"Crit Care Med."},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e31829c3b22","article-title":"Computational analysis of the effects of reduced temperature on thrombin generation: the contributions of hypothermia to coagulopathy","volume":"117","author":"Mitrophanov","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anesth Analg."},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2013.05.010","article-title":"Coagulofibrinolytic changes in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation associated with post-cardiac arrest syndrome\u2013fibrinolytic shutdown and insufficient activation of fibrinolysis lead to organ dysfunction","volume":"132","author":"Wada","year":"2013","journal-title":"Thromb Res."},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000064328.97941.FC","article-title":"A systematic evaluation of the effect of temperature on coagulation enzyme activity and platelet function","volume":"56","author":"Wolberg","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Trauma."},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-7-264","article-title":"The clinical case report: a review of its merits and limitations","volume":"7","author":"Nissen","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes."},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.12560","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of benefits and risks between normothermia and hypothermia during cardiopulmonary bypass in pediatric cardiac surgery","volume":"25","author":"Xiong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth."},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(94)90784-6","article-title":"Cardiopulmonary bypass resuscitation for accidental hypothermia","volume":"58","author":"Vretenar","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg."},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2012.11.002","article-title":"Peripheral neuropathy caused by severe hypothermia","volume":"124","author":"Loseth","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2054270414523410","DOI":"10.1177\/2054270414523410","article-title":"The history of the case report: a selective review","volume":"5","author":"Nissen","year":"2014","journal-title":"JRSM Open."},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"d7762","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d7762","article-title":"Assessment of publication bias, selection bias, and unavailable data in meta-analyses using individual participant data: a database survey","volume":"344","author":"Ahmed","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2009.04.007","article-title":"Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to drowning: an utstein style report of 10 years of experience from St. mary's hospital","volume":"80","author":"Youn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Resuscitation."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2021.641633\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]],"date-time":"2023-11-03T13:49:44Z","timestamp":1699019384000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2021.641633\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]]},"references-count":154,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2021.641633"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2021.641633","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]]},"article-number":"641633"}}