{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T11:15:31Z","timestamp":1785496531708,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]],"date-time":"2021-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Purpose:<\/jats:bold> To analyze <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>Ga-PSMA-617 PET\/CT or PET\/MR and delayed PET\/MR images in patients diagnosed with or suspicion of prostate cancer, and to explore the optimal use of PET\/CT and PET\/MR for initial diagnosis and staging in prostate cancer.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> Images from conventional scan by <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>Ga-PSMA whole-body PET\/CT or PET\/MR followed by delayed pelvic PET\/MR were retrospectively analyzed. Prostatic <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>Ga-PSMA uptake was measured as SUVmax1 (conventional scan 1 h post injection) and SUVmax2 (delayed scan 3 h post injection). Age, PSA levels, and SUVmax were compared between benign and malignant cases. The correlation of SUVmax1 and SUVmax2 was analyzed. Diagnostic performance was evaluated by ROC analysis.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> Fifty-six patients with 41 prostate cancers and 15 benign prostate lesions were enrolled. Fifty-three patients had paired conventional and delayed scans. Age, tPSA, fPSA levels, and SUVmax were significantly different between benign and malignant cases. A good correlation was found between SUVmax1 and SUVmax2. There was significant difference between SUVmax1 and SUVmax2 in the malignant group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.001). SUVmax1 had superior diagnostic performance than SUVmax2, SUVmax difference and PSA levels, with a sensitivity of 85.4%, a specificity of 100% and an AUC of 0.956. A combination of SUVmax1 with nodal and\/or distant metastases and MR PI-RADS V2 score had a sensitivity and specificity of 100%. Delayed pelvic PET\/MR imaging in 33 patients were found to be redundant because these patients had nodal and\/or distant metastases which can be easily detected by PET\/CT. PET\/MR provided incremental value in 8 patients at early-stage prostate cancer based on precise anatomical localization and changes in lesion signal provided by MR.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> Combined <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>Ga-PSMA whole-body PET\/CT and pelvic PET\/MR can accurately differentiate benign prostate diseases from prostate cancer and accurately stage prostate cancer. Whole-body PET\/CT is sufficient for advanced prostate cancer. Pelvic PET\/MR contributes to diagnosis and accurate staging in early prostate cancer. Imaging at about 1 h after injection is sufficient in most patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:ext-link><jats:bold>ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:bold><\/jats:ext-link><jats:bold>:<\/jats:bold> NCT03756077. Registered 27 November 2018\u2014Retrospectively registered, <jats:ext-link>https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT03756077<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.657619","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]],"date-time":"2021-05-13T05:01:20Z","timestamp":1620882080000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Optimized Application of 68Ga-Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-617 Whole-Body PET\/CT and Pelvic PET\/MR in Prostate Cancer Initial Diagnosis and 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