{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T13:28:38Z","timestamp":1774358918075,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":312,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]],"date-time":"2021-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"We here provide an overview of treatment trials for prolonged<\/jats:italic> intensive care unit (ICU) patients and theorize about their relevance for potential treatment of myalgic encephalomyelitis\/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME\/CFS). Specifically, these treatment trials generally target: (a) the correction of suppressed endocrine axes, notably through a \u201creactivation\u201d of the pituitary gland's pulsatile<\/jats:italic> secretion of tropic hormones, or (b) the interruption of the \u201cvicious circle\u201d between inflammation, oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&amp;NS), and low thyroid hormone function<\/jats:italic>. There are significant parallels in the treatment trials for prolonged<\/jats:italic> critical illness and ME\/CFS; this is consistent with the hypothesis of an overlap in the mechanisms that prevent recovery in both conditions. Early successes in the simultaneous reactivation of pulsatile<\/jats:italic> pituitary secretions in ICU patients\u2014and the resulting positive metabolic effects\u2014could indicate an avenue for treating ME\/CFS. The therapeutic effects of thyroid hormones\u2014including in mitigating O&amp;NS and inflammation and in stimulating the adreno-cortical axis\u2014also merit further studies. Collaborative research projects should further investigate the lessons from treatment trials for prolonged<\/jats:italic> critical illness for solving ME\/CFS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.672370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]],"date-time":"2021-05-07T05:40:30Z","timestamp":1620366030000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Theory: Treatments for Prolonged ICU Patients May Provide New Therapeutic Avenues for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis\/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome 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