{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T01:11:45Z","timestamp":1783041105911,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":162,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,3]],"date-time":"2021-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients exhibit clinical features of premature ageing, including frailty, cardiovascular disease, and muscle wasting. Accelerated ageing also concerns the immune system. Patients with ESRD have both immune senescence and chronic inflammation that are resumed in the so-called inflammaging syndrome. Immune senescence is particularly characterised by premature loss of thymic function that is associated with hyporesponsiveness to vaccines, susceptibility to infections, and death. ESRD-related chronic inflammation has multiple causes and participates to accelerated cardiovascular disease. Although, both characterisation of immune senescence and its consequences are relatively well-known, mechanisms are more uncertain. However, prevention of immune senescence\/inflammation or\/and rejuvenation of the immune system are major goal to ameliorate clinical outcomes of ESRD patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.720402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,4]],"date-time":"2021-09-04T09:02:47Z","timestamp":1630746167000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["End-Stage Renal Disease-Related Accelerated Immune Senescence: Is Rejuvenation of the Immune System a Therapeutic Goal?"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Didier","family":"Ducloux","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathieu","family":"Legendre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamal","family":"Bamoulid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Saas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"Courivaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Crepin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2011.194","article-title":"Infectious complications in dialysis-epidemiology and outcomes","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.06.014","article-title":"Practical guide to vaccination in all stages of CKD, including patients treated by dialysis or kidney transplantation","volume":"75","author":"Krueger","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2002.kid562.x","article-title":"C-reactive protein and cardiovascular disease in peritoneal dialysis patients","volume":"62","author":"Ducloux","year":"2002","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"iii35","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfy175","article-title":"Chronic inflammation in end-stage renal disease and dialysis","volume":"33","author":"Cobo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfy276","article-title":"Uraemia- induced immune senescence and clinical outcomes in chronic kidney disease patients","volume":"35","author":"Cr\u00e9pin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5001550","article-title":"Naive and central memory T-cell lymphopenia in end-stage renal disease","volume":"70","author":"Yoon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2007090971","article-title":"Impaired immune responses and antigen-specific memory CD4+ T cells in hemodialysis patients","volume":"19","author":"Litjens","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2012.12.003","article-title":"T cell anergy, exhaustion, senescence, and stemness in the tumor microenvironment","volume":"25","author":"Crespo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaba2429","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aba2429","article-title":"The function of the thymus and its impact on modern medicine","volume":"369","author":"Miller","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006611518223","article-title":"Thymic involution in aging","volume":"20","author":"Aspinall","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-06-746412","article-title":"Aging of hematopoietic stem cells","volume":"131","author":"De Haan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14533","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms14533","article-title":"Clonal reversal of ageing-associated stem cell lineage bias via a pluripotent intermediate","volume":"8","author":"Wahlestedt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2010.06.007","article-title":"Stem cells and the aging hematopoietic system","volume":"22","author":"Beerman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2259","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20160168","article-title":"Progressive alterations in multipotent hematopoietic progenitors underlie lymphoid cell loss in aging","volume":"213","author":"Young","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.9.1273","article-title":"Age-related characteristics of murine hematopoietic stemm cells","volume":"192","author":"Sudo","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2016.10.001","article-title":"The aging hematopoietic stem cell niche: phenotypic and functional changes and mechanisms that contribute to hematopoietic aging","volume":"54","author":"Latchney","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin Hematol."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.100487","article-title":"Aging induced decline in T-lymphopoiesis is primarly dependent on status of progenitoc niches in the bone marrow and thymus","volume":"4","author":"Sun","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aging."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/35095500","article-title":"Lymphostromal interactions in thymic development and function","volume":"1","author":"Anderson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1826","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201545814","article-title":"FOXN1 in thymus organogenesis and development","volume":"46","author":"Vaidya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1038\/217370a0","article-title":"Absence of thymus in a mouse mutant","volume":"217","author":"Pantelouris","year":"1968","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5678","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1502010","article-title":"Foxn1 protein expression in the developing, aging, and regenerating thymus","volume":"195","author":"Rode","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-9726.2010.00559.x","article-title":"Declining expression of a single epithelial autonomous gene accelerates age-related thymic involution","volume":"9","author":"Sun","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aging Cell."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1033","article-title":"Age-related changes in lymphocyte development and function","volume":"5","author":"Linton","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Immunol."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2143","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1301721","article-title":"Aging and cytomegalovirus infection differentially and jointly affect distinct circulating T cell subsets in humans","volume":"192","author":"Wertheimer","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2018.02.001","article-title":"Hallmarks of cellular senescence","volume":"28","author":"Hernandez-Segura","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.05.015","article-title":"Senescence in health and disease","volume":"169","author":"He","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2853","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0060301","article-title":"Senescence-associated secretory phenotypes reveal cell-nonautonomous functions of oncogenic RAS and the p53 tumor suppressor","volume":"6","author":"Coppe","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2019.04.003","article-title":"Senescent cell clearance by the immune system: emerging therapeutic opportunities","volume":"40","author":"Prata","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin Immunol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2018.02.001","article-title":"Cellular senescence: immunosurveillance and future immunotherapy","volume":"43","author":"Burton","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-9728.2004.00102.x","article-title":"Innate immunity in aging: impact on macrophage function","volume":"3","author":"Plowden","year":"2004","journal-title":"Aging Cell."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2012.04.008","article-title":"Innate immunosenescence: effect of aging on cells and receptors of the innate immune system in humans","volume":"24","author":"Solana","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin Immunol."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2010.08.003","article-title":"Persistent viral infections and immune aging","volume":"10","author":"Brunner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21777","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.4970","article-title":"Thymic involution beyond T-cell insufficiency","volume":"6","author":"Coder","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncotarget."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13333","article-title":"Thymic atrophy creates holes in Treg-mediated immuno-regulation via impairment of an antigen-specific clone","volume":"163","author":"Thomas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2014.185","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease and premature ageing","volume":"10","author":"Kooman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12040227","article-title":"Inflammation and premature ageing in chronic kidney disease","volume":"4","author":"Ebert","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxins."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2016010053","article-title":"Premature T cell senescence in pediatric CKD","volume":"28","author":"George","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1081\/JDI-100001283","article-title":"Are urea and creatinine uremic toxins in the rat?","volume":"23","author":"Levine","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ren Fail."},{"key":"B39","first-page":"229","article-title":"Cellular immunity and lymphocyte populations in developing uremia in the rat","volume":"2","author":"Raskova","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Exp Pathol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644627","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.644627","article-title":"Decreased peripheral na\u00efve T cell number and its role in predicting cardiovascular and infection events in hemodialysis patients","volume":"12","author":"Xiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12070439","article-title":"Immune dysfunction in uremia 2020","volume":"12","author":"Cohen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxins."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12050340","article-title":"Monocytes in uremia","volume":"12","author":"Girndt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4172","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5172","article-title":"Chronic inflammation induces telomere dysfunction and accelerates ageing in mice","volume":"2","author":"Jurk","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-019-0177-9","article-title":"Can physical activity ameliorate immunosenescence and thereby reduce age-related multi morbidity?","volume":"19","author":"Duggal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2018.08.009","article-title":"Voluntary exercise reverses immune aging induced by oxidative stress in aging mice","volume":"115","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12750","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12750","article-title":"Major features of immunesenescence, including reduced thymic output, are ameliorated by high levels of physical activity in adulthood","volume":"17","author":"Duggal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aging Cell."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2183","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2009.02563.x","article-title":"Cardiovascular exercise training extends influenza vaccine seroprotection in sedentary older adults: the immune function intervention trial","volume":"57","author":"Woods","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2003.11.023","article-title":"Moderate exercise improves antibody response to influenza immunization in older adults","volume":"22","author":"Kohut","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vaccine."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C807","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00094.2009","article-title":"IL-7 is expressed and secreted by human skeletal muscle cells","volume":"298","author":"Haugen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-013-9969-z","article-title":"Endurance training enhances skeletal muscle interleukin-15 in human male subjects","volume":"45","author":"Rinnow","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocrine."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10771","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.310581","article-title":"Contraction- induced interleukin-6 gene transcription in skeletal muscle is regulated by c- Jun terminal kinase\/activator protein-1","volume":"287","author":"Whitham","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4131","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.12338","article-title":"Interleukin-6 myokine signaling in skeletal muscle: a double- edged sword?","volume":"280","author":"Munoz-Canoves","year":"2013","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.02-0670fje","article-title":"Exercise and IL-6 infusion inhibit endotoxin-induced TNF-a production in humans","volume":"17","author":"Starkie","year":"2003","journal-title":"FASEB."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2141","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(91)90147-4","article-title":"Specific binding sites for growth hormone in cultured mouse thymic epithelial cells","volume":"48","author":"Ban","year":"1991","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"B55","first-page":"115","article-title":"Evidence that insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is the dominant thymic peptide of the insulin superfamily","volume":"21","author":"Geenen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Thymus."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.2002.01077.x","article-title":"The thymus gland: a target organ for growth hormone","volume":"55","author":"Savino","year":"2002","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/s10522-015-9590-z","article-title":"Trade off situation between thymus and growth hormone: age-related decline of growth hormone is a cause of thymic involution but favorable for elongation of lifespan","volume":"17","author":"Hirokawa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biogerontology."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-472X(03)00196-6","article-title":"Growth hormone accelerates immune recovery following allogeneic T-cell-depleted bone marrow transplantation in mice","volume":"31","author":"Chen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Exp Hematol."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2123","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3283303307","article-title":"Improved thymic index, density and output in HIV-infected patients following low-dose growth hormone therapy: a placebo controlled study","volume":"23","author":"Hansen","year":"2009","journal-title":"AIDS."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e5668","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0005668","article-title":"Impact of growth hormone (GH) deficiency and GH replacement upon thymus function in adult patients","volume":"22","author":"Morrhaye","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1993.tb02374.x","article-title":"Metabolic clearance rate of biosynthetic growth hormone after endogenous growth hormone suppression with a somatostatin analogue in chronic renal failure patients and control subjects","volume":"39","author":"Garcia-Mayor","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-007-0527-x","article-title":"Growth hormone axis in chronic kidney disease","volume":"23","author":"Mahesh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-004-1713-8","article-title":"Growth hormone resistance in uremia, a role for impaired JAK\/STAT signaling","volume":"20","author":"Rabkin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2013-1071","article-title":"Growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1, and the kidney: pathophysiological and clinical implications","volume":"35","author":"Kamenicky","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocr Rev."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4211","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfs364","article-title":"Measurement of free GH and bioactive IGF-1 in non-diabetic haemodialysis patients treated with GH for 7 days","volume":"27","author":"Frystyk","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4095","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfr363","article-title":"Opportunity: a large-scale randomized clinical trial of growth hormone in hemodialysis patients","volume":"26","author":"Kopple","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2982","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.5.2982","article-title":"Effects of castration on thymocyte development in two different models of thymic involution","volume":"175","author":"Heng","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2741","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.4.2741","article-title":"Activation of thymic regeneration in mice and humans following androgen blockade","volume":"175","author":"Sutherland","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2341","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20131289","article-title":"Sex steroid blockade enhances thymopoiesis by modulating Notch signaling","volume":"211","author":"Velardi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.1996.18","article-title":"Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist influences absolute levels of lymphocyte subsets in vivo in male mice","volume":"74","author":"Rao","year":"1996","journal-title":"Immunol Cell Biol."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5846","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0801458","article-title":"Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone enhances T cell recovery following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation","volume":"182","author":"Goldberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trim.2014.09.001","article-title":"The rejuvenating effects of leuprolide acetate on the aged baboon's thymus","volume":"31","author":"Scalea","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transpl Immunol."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2005.08.015","article-title":"Reassessing the role of growth hormone and sex steroids in thymic involution","volume":"118","author":"Min","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Immunol."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-9726.2011.00773.x","article-title":"Persistent degenerative changes in thymic organ function revealed by an inducible model of organ regrowth","volume":"11","author":"Griffith","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aging Cell."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E856","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00484.2005","article-title":"Effect of medical castration on CD4+ CD25+ T cells, CD8+ T cell IFN- gamma expression, and NK cells: a physiological role for testosterone and\/ or its metabolites","volume":"290","author":"Page","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI81894","article-title":"Estrogen-mediated downregulation of AIRE influences sexual dimorphism in autoimmune diseases","volume":"126","author":"Dragin","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12418","article-title":"Thymus: the next(re)generation","volume":"271","author":"Chaudhry","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunol Rev."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1038\/3877","article-title":"Defective IL7R expression in T(-)B(-)NK(+) severe combined immunodeficiency","volume":"20","author":"Puel","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nat Genet."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1038\/80868","article-title":"Interleukin-7 mediates the homeostasis of na\u00efve and memory CD8 T cells in vivo","volume":"1","author":"Schluns","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2012.02.005","article-title":"IL-7 in human health and disease","volume":"24","author":"Lundstr\u00f6m","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin Immunol."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevImmunol.2018027460","article-title":"IL-7 and its beneficial role in sepsis-induced T lymphocyte dysfunction","volume":"38","author":"de Roquetaille","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit Rev Immunol."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw065","article-title":"Repeated cycles of recombinant human interleukin 7 in HIV-infected patients with low CD4 T-cell reconstitution on antiretroviral therapy: results of 2 phase II multicenter studies","volume":"62","author":"Thiebaut","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-05-645077","article-title":"Administration of interleukin-7 increases CD4 T cells in idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia","volume":"127","author":"Sheikh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20071681","article-title":"Administration of rhIL-7 in humans increases in vivo TCR repertoire diversity by preferential expansion of naive T cell subsets","volume":"205","author":"Sportes","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI38052","article-title":"Enhanced T cell recovery in HIV1-infected adults through IL-7 treatment","volume":"119","author":"Levy","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfp397","article-title":"Effect of end-stage renal disease on B-lymphocyte subpopulations, IL-7, BAFF, and BAFF-receptor expression","volume":"25","author":"Pahl","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1767","article-title":"Production of interleukin 22 but not interleukin 17 by a subset of human skin-homing memory T cells","volume":"10","author":"Duhen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Immunol."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2004.07.007","article-title":"IL-22 increases the innate immunity of tissues","volume":"21","author":"Wolk","year":"2004","journal-title":"Immunity."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1218004","article-title":"Interleukin-22 drives endogenous thymic regeneration in mice","volume":"336","author":"Dudakov","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2018.12.023","article-title":"Donor T-cell-derived interleukin-22 promotes thymus regeneration and alleviates chronic graft-versus-host disease in murine allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant","volume":"67","author":"Pan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2019.06.002","article-title":"IL-22 accelerates thymus regeneration via stat3\/Mcl-1 and decreases chronic graft-versus-host disease in mice after allotransplants","volume":"25","author":"Pan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118849","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118849","article-title":"Dynamic plasma Il-22 is an indicator of thymic output after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation","volume":"265","author":"Shang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2453","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-07-2831","article-title":"Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) is required for postnatal thymic regeneration","volume":"107","author":"Alpdogan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2529","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-08-043794","article-title":"Sustained thymopoiesis and improvement in functional immunity induced by exogenous KGF administration in murine models of aging","volume":"109","author":"Min","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-12-065623","article-title":"Keratinocyte growth factor augments in dose-dependent manner immune reconstitution after autologous hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation in rhesus macaques","volume":"110","author":"Seggewiss","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2011.09.010","article-title":"Keratinocyte growth factor and stem cell factor to improve thymopoiesis after autologous CD34+ cell transplantation in rhesus macaques","volume":"18","author":"Wils","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e125377","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.125377","article-title":"Keratinocyte growth factor impairs human thymic recovery from lymphopenia","volume":"5","author":"Coles","year":"2019","journal-title":"JCI Insight."},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000000195","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of palifermin (recombinant human keratinocyte growth factor) for the treatment of inadequate CD4+ T-lymphocyte recovery in patients with HIV-1 infection on antiretroviral therapy","volume":"66","author":"Jacobson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(17)30171-6","article-title":"Keratinocyte growth factor for the treatment of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (KARE): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial","volume":"5","author":"McAuley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4784","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1403158","article-title":"Young, proliferative thymic epithelial cells engraft and function in aging thymuses","volume":"194","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb3023","article-title":"An organized and functional thymus generated from FOXN1-reprogrammed fibroblasts","volume":"16","author":"Bredenkamp","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol."},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e140313","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.140313","article-title":"Thymic rejuvenation via FOXN1-reprogrammed embryonic fibroblasts (FREFs) to counteract age-related inflammation","volume":"5","author":"Oh","year":"2020","journal-title":"JCI Insight."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.103614","article-title":"Regeneration of the aged thymus by a single transcription factor","volume":"141","author":"Bredenkamp","year":"2014","journal-title":"Development."},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201546196","article-title":"FOXN1 recombinant preotein enhances T-cell regeneration after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in mice","volume":"46","author":"Song","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-020711-074937","article-title":"The microbiome in infectious disease and inflammation","volume":"30","author":"Honda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Rev Immunol."},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00261","DOI":"10.1128\/mSystems.00261-19","article-title":"Age- and sex-dependent patterns of gut microbial diversity in human adults","volume":"4","author":"de la Cuesta-Zuluaga","year":"2019","journal-title":"Msystems."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e50240","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.50240","article-title":"Adjusting for age improves identification of gut microbiome alterations in multiple diseases","volume":"9","author":"Ghosh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Elife."},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2017.03.002","article-title":"Age-associated microbial dysbiosis promotes intestinal permeability, systemic inflammation, and macrophage dysfunction","volume":"12","author":"Thevaranjan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe."},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20150364","article-title":"A breakdown in communication? Understanding the effects of aging on the human small intestine epithelium","volume":"129","author":"Mabbott","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Sci."},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.09.007","article-title":"Dietary fatty acids directly impact central nervous system autoimmunity via the small intestine","volume":"43","author":"Haghikia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunity."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.03.003","article-title":"Microbiota-derived metabolites suppress arthritis by amplifying aryl-hydrocarbon receptor activation in regulatory B cells","volume":"31","author":"Rosser","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet-2020-03-003","article-title":"A mixture of lactobacillus plantarum CECT 7315 and CECT 7316 enhances systemic immunity in elderly subjects. A dose-response, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized pilot trial","volume":"26","author":"Mane","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nutr Hosp."},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2019.02.005","article-title":"Supplementation with bifidobacterium longum Bar33 and lactobacillus helveticus Bar13 mixture improves immunity in elderly humans (over 75 years) and aged mice","author":"Finamore","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrition."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.12454","article-title":"Enhanced vaccination effect against influenza by prebiotics in elderly patients receiving enteral nutrition","volume":"16","author":"Akatsu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int."},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.06.094","article-title":"A probiotic fermented dairy drink improves antibody response to influenza vaccination in the elderly in two randomised controlled trials","volume":"27","author":"Boge","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vaccine."},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9111175","article-title":"Effects of probiotics and prebiotics on immune response to influenza vaccination in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"9","author":"Lei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.15396","article-title":"Probiotics to prevent respiratory infections in nursing homes: a pilot randomized controlled trial","volume":"66","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc."},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1080\/0886022X.2020.1864404","article-title":"Specific alterations in gut microbiota in patients with chronic kidney disease: an updated systematic review","volume":"43","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ren Fail."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e86","DOI":"10.1038\/cti.2016.36","article-title":"The microbiota and chronic kidney disease: a double-edged sword","volume":"5","author":"Felizardo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Transl Immunol."},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20171107","article-title":"Altered microbiome in chronic kidney disease: systemic effects of gut-derived uremic toxins","volume":"132","author":"Lau","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Sci."},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2012.345","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease alters intestinal microbial flora","volume":"83","author":"Vaziri","year":"2013","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01630","article-title":"End-stage renal disease-associated gut baterial translocation: evolution and impact on chronic inflammation and acute rejection after renal transplantation","volume":"10","author":"Carron","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.658404","article-title":"New insights on end-stage renal disease and healthy individual gut bacterial translocation: different carbon composition of lipopolysaccharides and different impact on monocyte inflammatory response","author":"Adda-Rezig","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12040245","article-title":"Gut-derived metabolites and their role in immune dysfunction in chronic kidney disease","volume":"12","author":"Glorieux","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxins."},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/s12979-018-0131-x","article-title":"A comprehensive characterization of aggravated aging-related changes in T lymphocytes and monocytes in end-stage renal disease. The iESRD study","volume":"15","author":"Chiu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immun Ageing."},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8091424","article-title":"Nutritional therapy modulates intestinal microbiota and reduces serum levls of total and free indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate in chronic kidney disease (Medika study)","volume":"8","author":"Di Lorio","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Med."},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.13092","article-title":"ATG-induced accelerated immune senescence: clinical implications in renal transplant recipients","volume":"15","author":"Crepin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Transplant."},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.12416","article-title":"Uremia-associated immunological aging is stably imprinted in the T-cell system and not reversed by kidney transplantation","volume":"27","author":"Meijers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transplant Int."},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2234","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000002799","article-title":"Cytotoxic effects of rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin preparations on primary human thymic epithelial cells","volume":"103","author":"Kaebisch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200102150-00021","article-title":"Mechanisms involved in antithymocyte globulin immunosuppressive activity in a nohuman primate model","volume":"71","author":"Preville","year":"2001","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trim.2016.08.005","article-title":"Lymphodepletive effects of rabbit anti-pig thymocyte globulin in neonatal swines","volume":"39","author":"Pan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transplant Immunol."},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1177\/0963689717735404","article-title":"Posttransplant immune activation: innocent bystander or insidious culprit of posttransplant accelerated atherosclerosis","volume":"26","author":"Ducloux","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Transplantation."},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2071","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2013030314","article-title":"Independent effects of systemic and peritoneal inflammation on peritoneal dialysis survival","volume":"24","author":"Lambie","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1177\/089686080602600109","article-title":"Systemic and intraperitoneal interleukin- 6 system during the first year of peritoneal dialysis","volume":"26","author":"Pecoits-Filho","year":"2006","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int."},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1964","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfp767","article-title":"Impact of systemic and local peritoneal inflammation on peritoneal solute transport rate in new peritoneal dialysis patients: a year prospective study","volume":"25","author":"Cho","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant."},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.5301\/JN.2011.8432","article-title":"Plasma pentraxin-3 as a marker of biocompatibility in hemodialysis patients","volume":"25","author":"Oldani","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Nephrol."},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1542-4758.2012.00720.x","article-title":"Changes in circulating biomarkers during a single hemodialysis session","volume":"17","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hemodialysis Int."},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1542-4758.2010.00491.x","article-title":"Effect of a single hemodialysis session on inflammatory markers","volume":"14","author":"Bitla","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hemodialysis Int."},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1159\/000276764","article-title":"Leukocyte toll-like receptor expression in end-stage kidney disease","volume":"31","author":"Gollapudi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5001548","article-title":"Reduced expression of Toll-like receptor 4 contributes to impaired cytokine response of monocytes in uremic patients","volume":"70","author":"Ando","year":"2006","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s12979-018-0121-z","article-title":"ESRD-associated immune phenotype depends on dialysis modality and iron status: clinical implications","volume":"15","author":"Ducloux","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immun Ageing."},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4313","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V96.13.4313.h8004313_4313_4318","article-title":"Interferon alpha down-regulates telomerase reverse transcriptase and telomerase activity in human malignant and nonmalignant hematopoietic cells","volume":"96","author":"Xu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20040178","article-title":"Telomere erosion in memory T cells induced by telomerase inhibition at the site of antigenic challenge in vivo","volume":"199","author":"Reed","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1540","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfw363","article-title":"Neutrophil-dependent pentraxin-3 and reactive oxygen species production modulate endothelial dysfunction in haemodialysis patients","volume":"32","author":"Dell'Oglio","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant."},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.2478\/prilozi-2019-0011","article-title":"The effect of dialysis modality and membrane performance on native immunity in dialysis patients","volume":"40","author":"Efthymios","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prilozi."},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-139X.2006.00175.x","article-title":"Neutrophil dysfunction and infection risk in end-stage renal disease","volume":"19","author":"Chonchol","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Dial."},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-016-1004-8","article-title":"Strong predictive value of mannose-binding lectin levels for cardiovascular risk of hemodialysis patients","volume":"14","author":"Poppelaars","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Transl Med."},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1159\/000442426","article-title":"Complement and cardiovascular disease\u2014the missing link in haemodialysis patients","volume":"132","author":"Lines","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nephron."},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3422","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21103422","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of premature aging in hemodialysis: the complex interplay between innate and adaptive immune dysfunction","volume":"21","author":"Losappio","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci."},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-019-1585-6","article-title":"Vitamin e-loaded membrane dialyzers reduce hemodialysis inflammaging","volume":"20","author":"Sepe","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol."},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.07.008","article-title":"Metabolic damage and premature thymus aging caused by stromal catalase deficiency","volume":"12","author":"Griffith","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1590\/2175-8239-jbn-2020-0273","article-title":"Disruptive technologies for hemodialysis: medium and high cutoff membranes. Is the future now","author":"Reis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Braz J Nephrol."},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0169024","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169024","article-title":"Medium cut-off (MCO) membranes reduce inflammation in chronic dialysis patients-a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"12","author":"Zickler","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"vl3","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfm295","article-title":"Clinical significance of protein adsorbable membranes\u2014long-term clinical effects and analysis using a proteomic technique","volume":"22","author":"Aoike","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant."},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.67138.x","article-title":"Glycoxidation and inflammatory markers in patients on treatment with PMMA-based protein-leaking dialyzers","volume":"67","author":"Galli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i20","DOI":"10.1093\/ndtplus\/sfq033","article-title":"Potential role of the soluble form of CD40 in deficient immunological function of dialysis patients: new findings of its amelioration using polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) membrane","volume":"3","author":"Contin-Bordes","year":"2010","journal-title":"NDT Plus."},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1159\/000431335","article-title":"Trends in anemia management practices in patients receiving hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis: a retrospective cohort analysis","volume":"41","author":"Wetmore","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol."},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3081856","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3081856","article-title":"Oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients: a review of literature","volume":"2017","author":"Liakopoulos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev."},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114517001696","article-title":"Transferrin saturation concentrations associated with telomeric ageing: a population-based study","volume":"117","author":"Shin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Nutr."},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1578235","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/1578235","article-title":"Impact of oxidative stress in premature aging and iron overl oad in hemodialysis patients","volume":"2016","author":"Murillo-Ortiz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev."},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2015.10.002","article-title":"The influence of oxidative stress induced by iron on telomere length","volume":"40","author":"Kepinska","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Pharmacol."},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2015.158","article-title":"Ferroptosis: process and function","volume":"23","author":"Xie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell death Diff."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2021.720402\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,4]],"date-time":"2021-09-04T09:02:51Z","timestamp":1630746171000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2021.720402\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,3]]},"references-count":162,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2021.720402"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2021.720402","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,3]]},"article-number":"720402"}}