{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T01:23:09Z","timestamp":1791508989277,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]],"date-time":"2021-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012659","name":"Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"\n Objectives:<\/jats:bold>\n To investigate whether cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection plays a role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM), particularly in anti-MDA5 antibody-positive (anti-MDA5\n +<\/jats:sup>\n ) dermatomyositis (DM).\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n A prospective cohort of 204 newly diagnosed IIM patients and 50 healthy individuals were enrolled in the study. CMV-IgM and CMV-IgG antibody concentrations and lymphocyte counts were analyzed. Differences in categorical data were compared using Fisher's exact test and the chi-square test. One-year survival rates were analyzed in MDA5\n +<\/jats:sup>\n DM patients with and without CMV infection.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Results:<\/jats:bold>\n In IIM patients, the median CMV-IgM level was significantly higher than in healthy controls (6 U\/mL vs. 0 U\/mL,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n &lt; 0.05) as was the median CMV-IgG level (114 U\/mL vs. 105 U\/mL,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n &lt; 0.05). The percentage of recent CMV infections in the MDA5\n +<\/jats:sup>\n DM group was much higher than it was in the MDA5\n \u2212<\/jats:sup>\n IIM group (19.1% vs. 7.0%,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.009). MDA5\n +<\/jats:sup>\n DM patients with CMV DNA-emia had poorer 1 year survival than the CMV-DNA\n \u2212<\/jats:sup>\n group (33.3% vs. 86.3%,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.010). CMV-IgM-positive (CMV-IgM\n +<\/jats:sup>\n ) MDA5\n +<\/jats:sup>\n DM patients had lower CD4\n +<\/jats:sup>\n T cell counts (245.7 cells\/\u03bcL vs. 420.5 cells\/\u03bcL,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n &lt; 0.05) and CD19\n +<\/jats:sup>\n B cell counts (97.3 cells\/\u03bcL vs. 240.6 cells\/\u03bcL,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n &lt; 0.05).\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n The number of CMV infections was significantly higher in IIM patients, particularly in MDA5\n +<\/jats:sup>\n DM patients. Lower CD4\n +<\/jats:sup>\n T cells and CD19\n +<\/jats:sup>\n B cells were observed in CMV-IgM\n +<\/jats:sup>\n MDA5\n +<\/jats:sup>\n DM patients. CMV infection may have an important role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of MDA5\n +<\/jats:sup>\n DM by disrupting immunity.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.740154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,10]],"date-time":"2021-10-10T10:28:25Z","timestamp":1633861705000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Association of Cytomegalovirus Infection With Anti-MDA5 Antibody-Positive Dermatomyositis: A Prospective Cohort 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