{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T04:43:17Z","timestamp":1771648997958,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]],"date-time":"2022-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642464000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increased blood pressure (BP) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adults. Regular consumption of nuts may improve some BP in adults whereas evidence in children is relatively lacking. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of nuts intake on BP in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stratified cluster sampling was performed to include a total of 15,268 primary school children aged 6\u201312 years in urban and rural areas in Southwest China. The daily nuts intake dosage was collected by questionnaires, and generalized linear model (GLM) and logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between nuts intake and BP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>For the total subjects, 11,130 (72.9%) participants consumed &amp;lt;35 g\/day of nuts, 1,145 (7.5%) participants consumed 35 g\/day \u2264 nut &amp;lt;50 g\/day of nuts, 2,053 (13.4%) participants consumed 50~100 g\/day of nuts, and 940 (6.2%) participants consumed over 100 g\/day of nut. For sex subgroup, 1,074 (13.53%) boys and 979 (13.35%) girls consumed 50~100 g\/day of nuts. Compared with the 50~100 g\/day of nuts intake group, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were significantly different in &amp;lt;35 g\/day, 35g\/day \u2264 nut &amp;lt;50 g\/day, and &amp;gt;100 g\/day nuts intake groups (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001). The logistic regression showed that compared with the 50~100 g\/day group, the other three groups are more likely associated with childhood hypertension (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001). Therefore, a U-shaped relationship between nuts intake and BP level was identified.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The finding suggests that intake of 50~100 g\/day nuts is the recommended dose of nuts intake to control childhood hypertension, as well as for cardioprotection purposes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.793672","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]],"date-time":"2022-01-18T06:02:37Z","timestamp":1642485757000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Protective Effects of Appropriate Amount of Nuts Intake on Childhood Blood Pressure Level: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Ye","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xian","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jishuang","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaohua","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.683243","article-title":"High blood pressure trends in children and adolescents in national surveys, 1963 to 2002","volume":"116","author":"Din-Dzietham","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.13807","article-title":"Impact of the 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics Guideline on Hypertension Prevalence Compared With the Fourth Report in an International Cohort","volume":"74","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.2016-0106","article-title":"Hypertension in children and adolescents","volume":"38","author":"Weaver","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Rev."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2019.3310","article-title":"Global prevalence of hypertension in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"173","author":"Song","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-2864","article-title":"Screening for primary hypertension in children and adolescents: U. 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