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Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The associations of long-term risks of the full spectrum of mental disorders with clinically reassuring but suboptimal score range 7\u20139 remain unclear. This study investigated these associations during up to 38 years of follow-up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a nationwide cohort study of 2,213,822 singletons born in Denmark during 1978\u20132015, we used cox regression to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of mental disorders with a 95% CI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 3,00,679 (13.6%) individuals were diagnosed with mental disorders. The associations between suboptimal Apgar score 7\u20139 and mental disorders differed by attained age. In childhood (\u2264 18 years), declining Apgar scores were associated with increased risks of overall mental disorders with HRs (95% CI) of 1.13(1.11-1.15), 1.34 (1.27\u20131.41), and 1.48 (1.31\u20131.67) for Apgar scores of 7\u20139, 4\u20136, and 1\u20133, respectively, compared with a score of 10. A dose-response association was seen even within the score range from 9 to 7 (HR 1.11 [95% CI: 1.08\u20131.13], 1.14 [1.10\u20131.18], and 1.20 [1.14\u20131.27], respectively). Of note, individuals with scores of 7\u20139 had increased risks of organic disorders (HR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.05\u20131.53), neurotic disorders (HR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.03\u20131.11), and a wide range of neurodevelopmental disorders, such as intellectual disability (1.87, 1.76\u20131.98), childhood autism (1.13, 1.05\u20131.22) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (1.10, 1.06\u20131.15). In early adulthood (19\u201339 years), suboptimal Apgar scores 7\u20139 were not associated with the risks of overall and specific mental disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infants born with clinically reassuring but suboptimal 5-min scores 7\u20139 are at increased risks of a wide spectrum of mental disorders in childhood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.796544","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]],"date-time":"2022-01-14T04:47:32Z","timestamp":1642135652000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Five-Minute Apgar Score and the Risk of Mental Disorders During the First Four Decades of Life: A Nationwide Registry-Based Cohort Study in Denmark"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Hua","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongfu","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carsten Lyng","family":"Obel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e31829bdc5c","article-title":"A Proposal for a New Method of Evaluation of the Newborn Infant. 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