{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T23:35:02Z","timestamp":1782257702914,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,2]],"date-time":"2022-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>For psoriasis, which affects up to 2% of the population and adalimumab is approved from the age of 4 years. Here, we present a middle-aged Italian man with long-term history of plaque psoriasis and psoriasis arthropathica and adalimumab therapy. He developed ulcers or nodules within the psoriatic plaques, resembling cutaneous infection with <jats:italic>Leishmania infantum<\/jats:italic>. TNF and other cytokines such as IL-12 and IFN-\u03b3 are central in the early control of the infection. Discontinuation of the anti-TNF-treatment resolved the infection without specific therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.1055703","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,2]],"date-time":"2022-12-02T05:16:15Z","timestamp":1669958175000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Case report: Cutaneous pseudolymphoma caused by a Leishmania infantum infection in a patient treated with anti-TNF antibody for plaque 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