{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T05:54:41Z","timestamp":1785650081009,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,13]],"date-time":"2022-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670889600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to summarize the features of perforating scleral vessels (PSVs) in patients with myopic choroidal neovascularization (CNV) (mCNV) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to identify the associations with the response after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A consecutive series of na\u00efve patients who had mCNV and received intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy with a follow-up duration of 12 months or more were enrolled. The prevalence, location, and branches of PSVs were analyzed. Projection-resolved OCTA (PR-OCTA) was used to analyze the neovascular signals between CNV and PSVs. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) were measured. The proportion of CMT change relative to baseline was used to assess therapeutic response.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 44 eyes from 42 patients with mCNV were enrolled. PSVs were identified in 41 out of 44 eyes. Branches were identified in the PSVs of 24 eyes (57.14%), and 20 eyes did not have PSV branches (47.62%). In eight eyes (18.18%), PSVs were adjacent to mCNV, and in 36 eyes (81.82%), PSVs were not adjacent to mCNV. After anti-VEGF therapy for mCNV, BCVA increased (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> = 6.119, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001) and CMT decreased (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> = 7.664, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001). In the eyes where PSVs were adjacent to mCNV, BCVA improvements (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> = 7.649, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.009) were poor, and changes in CMT were small.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The eyes with PSVs adjacent to mCNV showed poor therapeutic responses after intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.1065397","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,13]],"date-time":"2022-12-13T05:13:55Z","timestamp":1670908435000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Perforating scleral vessels adjacent to myopic choroidal neovascularization achieved a poor outcome after intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Wangjing","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiawen","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangjun","family":"She","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiangxin","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiwei","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sulan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianbo","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiqi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijun","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60272-4","article-title":"Myopia","volume":"379","author":"Morgan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1097\/APO.0000000000000234","article-title":"Epidemiology of Pathologic Myopia in Asia and Worldwide","volume":"5","author":"Wong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila)."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.04.022","article-title":"Prevalence and causes of low vision and blindness in a Japanese adult population: the Tajimi Study","volume":"113","author":"Iwase","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.05.030","article-title":"Prevalence and causes of low vision and blindness in a rural chinese adult population: the Handan Eye Study","volume":"115","author":"Liang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.01.035","article-title":"Causes of blindness and visual impairment in urban and rural areas in Beijing: the Beijing Eye Study","volume":"113","author":"Xu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2013.08.010","article-title":"Epidemiology and disease burden of pathologic myopia and myopic choroidal neovascularization: an evidence-based systematic review","volume":"157","author":"Wong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1614","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001227","article-title":"MYOPIC CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION: Diagnosis and Treatment","volume":"36","author":"Lai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Retina."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2007.12.004","article-title":"Choroidal neovascularization in pathologic myopia: recent developments in diagnosis and treatment","volume":"53","author":"Soubrane","year":"2008","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-199212020-00009","article-title":"Pathologic findings in pathologic myopia","volume":"12","author":"Grossniklaus","year":"1992","journal-title":"Retina."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2019.01.012","article-title":"OCT-Based Diagnostic Criteria for Different Stages of Myopic Maculopathy","volume":"126","author":"Fang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2015.01.022","article-title":"International photographic classification and grading system for myopic maculopathy","volume":"159","author":"Ohno-Matsui","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2015.07.017","article-title":"Lacquer Cracks and Perforating Scleral Vessels in Pathologic Myopia: A Possible Causal Relationship","volume":"160","author":"Querques","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000003290","article-title":"relationship between myopic choroidal neovascularization activity and perforating scleral vessels in high myopia","volume":"42","author":"Ruiz-Medrano","year":"2022","journal-title":"Retina."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7290","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-10371","article-title":"Observations of vascular structures within and posterior to sclera in eyes with pathologic myopia by swept-source optical coherence tomography","volume":"53","author":"Ohno-Matsui","year":"2012","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.3928\/23258160-20161004-11","article-title":"Analysis of scleral feeder vessel in myopic choroidal neovascularization using optical coherence tomography angiography","volume":"47","author":"Louzada","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-019-0599-4","article-title":"Scleral pits represent degeneration around the posterior ciliary arteries and are signs of disease severity in choroideremia","volume":"34","author":"Harvey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2615","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-021-05134-y","article-title":"Flow pattern and perforating vessels in three different phases of myopic choroidal neovascularization seen by swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography","volume":"259","author":"Sayanagi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4285","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-24624","article-title":"Classification of choroidal neovascularization using projection-resolved optical coherence tomographic angiography","volume":"59","author":"Patel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2015.48","article-title":"Defining response to anti-VEGF therapies in neovascular AMD","volume":"29","author":"Amoaku","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.01.047","article-title":"Acquired optic nerve and peripapillary pits in pathologic myopia","volume":"119","author":"Ohno-Matsui","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001964","article-title":"Vascular remodeling of choroidal neovascularization after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy visualized on optical coherence tomography angiography","volume":"39","author":"Miere","year":"2019","journal-title":"Retina."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002970","article-title":"Role of dilated subfoveal choroidal veins in eyes with myopic macular neovascularization","volume":"41","author":"Xie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Retina."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.1065397\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,13]],"date-time":"2022-12-13T05:14:00Z","timestamp":1670908440000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.1065397\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,13]]},"references-count":22,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2022.1065397"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.1065397","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,13]]},"article-number":"1065397"}}