{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T07:13:55Z","timestamp":1768288435048,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]],"date-time":"2023-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Autoimmune blistering skin diseases (AIBD) can be induced or flared by a multitude of sources, however, there have been some reports suggesting that this occurrence is due to COVID-19 vaccinations. At a single academic blistering disease centre in Sydney, Australia, a retrospective review was conducted, identifying 59 patients with AIBD seen between February 2021 and November 2022. Secondary to recent COVID-19 vaccination, four patients had induction of bullous pemphigoid, three patients had a flare of pre-existing bullous pemphigoid, one patient had induction of pemphigus, and two patients had a flare of pre-existing pemphigus vulgaris. This adds to our understanding of the role of vaccinations in the activity of AIBD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.1117176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]],"date-time":"2023-01-10T19:28:05Z","timestamp":1673378885000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Autoimmune blistering skin diseases triggered by COVID-19 vaccinations: An Australian case series"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Timothy L.","family":"Cowan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D\u00e9d\u00e9e F.","family":"Murrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12231","article-title":"Postvaccination bullous pemphigoid in infancy: report of three new cases and literature review.","volume":"30","author":"de la Fuente","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.3315\/jdcr.2011.1081","article-title":"Bullous pemphigoid triggered by swine flu vaccination: case report and review of vaccine triggered pemphigoid.","volume":"5","author":"Walmsley","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Dermatol Case Rep."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-017-0813-0","article-title":"Three case reports of post immunization and post viral bullous pemphigoid: looking for the right trigger.","volume":"17","author":"Baroero","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr."},{"key":"B4","first-page":"1328","article-title":"Bullous pemphigoid after herpes zoster vaccine administration: association or coincidence?","volume":"10","author":"Chacon","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(03)00407-9","article-title":"Oral pemphigus vulgaris after anthrax vaccine administration: association or coincidence?","volume":"50","author":"Muellenhoff","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e498","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.18030","article-title":"Association between vaccination and immunobullous disorders: a brief, updated systematic review with focus on COVID-19.","volume":"36","author":"Kasperkiewicz","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.841506","article-title":"Bullous pemphigoid associated with COVID-19 vaccines: an Italian multicentre study.","volume":"9","author":"Maronese","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Med."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.33204\/mucosa.993581","article-title":"Severe bullous pemphigoid after Vaxzevria COVID-19 vaccination.","volume":"5","author":"Cowan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mucosa."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2022.153834","article-title":"Autoimmune mucocutaneous blistering diseases after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: a case report of pemphigus vulgaris and a literature review.","volume":"232","author":"Calabria","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathol Res Pract."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2011.06.032","article-title":"Definitions and outcome measures for bullous pemphigoid: recommendations by an international panel of experts.","volume":"66","author":"Murrell","year":"2012","journal-title":"JAAD."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2018.04.042","article-title":"Large international validation of ABSIS and PDAI pemphigus severity scores.","volume":"139","author":"Hebert","year":"2018","journal-title":"JID."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.1117176\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]],"date-time":"2023-12-04T11:20:33Z","timestamp":1701688833000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.1117176\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]]},"references-count":11,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2022.1117176"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.1117176","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]]},"article-number":"1117176"}}