{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T08:06:42Z","timestamp":1778573202095,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]],"date-time":"2022-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81770955"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81770955"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014137","name":"Shanghai Shenkang Hospital Development Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SHDC 12018103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SHDC 12018103"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014137","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014137","name":"Shanghai Shenkang Hospital Development Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SHDC2020CR1043B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SHDC2020CR1043B"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014137","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012543","name":"Shanghai Science and Technology Development Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20410710100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20410710100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the feasibility and safety of the implantable collamer lens V4c (ICL V4c) implantation without using an ophthalmic viscosurgical device (OVD-free technique).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This prospective consecutive case study enrolled 118 eyes of 60 patients (15 eyes were of male patients, 103 eyes were of female patients, age 26.19 \u00b1 5.03 years, spherical equivalent \u221210.05 \u00b1 2.73 D). Eyes were considered for OVD-free or OVD-using ICL V4c implantation based on the maintenance of the anterior segment during the surgery. The follow-up lasted for 12 months. The main measurements were visual acuity and changes in endothelial cell density (ECD) at 12 months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 75 eyes were included in the OVD-free group and 43 in the OVD group. No infection or other complications were observed in any eye. In the OVD-free group, the safety and efficacy indices were 1.19 \u00b1 0.15 and 1.05 \u00b1 0.20, respectively. 74.5% of the eyes gained one or two lines of corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and 25.5% were stable. In the OVD group, the safety and efficacy indices were 1.17 \u00b1 0.17 and 1.03 \u00b1 0.15, respectively; 65.7% of the eyes gained one or two lines of CDVA, and 34.3% were stable. The mean change of ECD was 65.34 cell\/ mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> compared to the baseline in the OVD-free group and 25.94 cell\/ mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> compared to baseline in the OVD group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.038).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ICL V4c implantation with an OVD-free technique is a safe and feasible method in eyes with good maintenance of the anterior segment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.790137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]],"date-time":"2022-02-14T05:03:01Z","timestamp":1644814981000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["One-year Observation of Safety of Implantable Collamer Lens V4c Implantation Without Using an Ophthalmic Viscosurgical 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Surg."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e943","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14459","article-title":"Comparison of objective and subjective visual quality early after implantable collamer lens V4c (ICL V4c) and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) for high myopia correction","volume":"98","author":"Wei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20191119-02","article-title":"Safety of the minimum ophthalmic viscosurgical device technique in phakic implantable collamer lens implantation","volume":"36","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Refract Surg."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e662","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14344","article-title":"One-year visual outcomes and optical quality of femtosecond laser small incision lenticule extraction and Visian Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL V4c) implantation for high myopia","volume":"98","author":"Niu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2017-310164","article-title":"Posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation: comparative, multicentre study in 351 eyes with low-to-moderate or high myopia","volume":"102","author":"Kamiya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20691","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000020691","article-title":"Safety of implantable Collamer lens implantation without ophthalmic viscosurgical device: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"99","author":"Peng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in 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